Prepared next cdrskin-0.3.1 cycle
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@ -143,6 +143,9 @@ It is not checked for the necessary degree of hacker safety.
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Usage examples
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For options and recordable media classes see
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man 1 cdrskin
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Get an overview of cdrecord style addresses of available devices
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cdrskin -scanbus
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cdrskin dev=ATA -scanbus
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@ -158,24 +161,34 @@ Obtain some info about the drive
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Obtain some info about the drive and the inserted media
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cdrskin dev=0,1,0 -atip -v
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Thoroughly blank a CD-RW
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cdrskin -v dev=0,1,0 blank=all -eject
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Format DVD-RW before first use with cdrskin
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cdrskin -v dev=0,1,0 blank=format_overwrite
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Blank CD-RW sufficiently for making it ready for overwrite
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Make used CD-RW or used unformatted DVD-RW writeable again
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cdrskin -v dev=0,1,0 blank=fast -eject
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Burn image file my_image.iso to CD-R, CD-RW, DVD+RW, DVD-RAM, DVD-RW
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Format DVD-RW to avoid need for blanking before re-use
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cdrskin -v dev=0,1,0 blank=format_overwrite
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De-format DVD-RW to make it capable of multi-session again
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cdrskin -v dev=/dev/sr0 blank=deformat_sequential
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Burn image file my_image.iso to media
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cdrskin -v dev=0,1,0 speed=12 fs=8m driveropts=burnfree padsize=300k \
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-eject my_image.iso
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Burn a compressed afio archive to any of the above media types on-the-fly
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Write several sessions to the same CD or DVD-R[W]
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cdrskin dev=/dev/hdc padsize=300k -multi 1.iso
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cdrskin dev=/dev/hdc padsize=300k -multi -tao 2.iso
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cdrskin dev=/dev/hdc padsize=300k -multi -tao 3.iso
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cdrskin dev=/dev/hdc padsize=300k -tao 4.iso
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Get CD or DVD-R[W] multi-session info for option -C of program mkisofs:
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c_values=$(cdrskin dev=/dev/hdc -msinfo 2>/dev/null)
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mkisofs ... -C "$c_values" ...
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Burn a compressed afio archive to media on-the-fly
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find . | afio -oZ - | cdrskin -v dev=0,1,0 fs=32m speed=8 -tao \
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driveropts=burnfree padsize=300k -
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Burn 6 audio tracks from files with different formats to CD.
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Burn 6 audio tracks from files with different formats to CD (not to any DVD).
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Anything except .wav or .au files has to be converted into raw format first.
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See below "Audio CD" for specifications.
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ogg123 -d raw -f track01.cd /path/to/track1.ogg
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@ -409,20 +422,33 @@ task of maintaining extendable ISO-Filesystems on DVD+RW.
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DVD-RW
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DVD-RW are usable if formatted to state "Restricted Overwrite". They then
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behave much like DVD+RW. See above.
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DVD-RW in state "Sequential" have first to be formatted by
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cdrskin dev=... -v blank=format_overwrite
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DVD-RW are usable if formatted to state "Restricted Overwrite" or if in state
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"Sequential Recording" - provided the "Incremental Streaming" feature (21h) is
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available.
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"Sequential" is the state of unused media and of media previously blanked
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or written by cdrecord. dvd+rw-format -blank can also achieve this state.
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(Command dvd+rw-format -force can achieve "Restricted Overwrite".)
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The according cdrskin option is blank=deformat_sequential .
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If "Incremental Streaming" is available, then sequential media are capable
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of multi-session like CD-RW. (But not capable of -audio recording.)
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This means they need option -multi to stay appendable, need to be blanked
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to be writeable from start, return useable info with -toc and -msinfo,
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eventually perform appending automatically.
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Without "Incremental Streaming" offered by the drive, they are regarded as
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unsuitable media for now.
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Overwriteable DVD behave much like DVD+RW. "Restricted" refers only to the
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granularity of random access and block size which have always to be aligned to
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full 32 kB. Sequential DVD-RW are converted into overwriteable DVD-RW by
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cdrskin dev=... -v blank=format_overwrite
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(Command dvd+rw-format -force can achieve "Restricted Overwrite", too.)
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Formatting or first use of freshly formatted DVD-RW can produce unusual noises
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from the drive and last several minutes. Depending on mutual compatibility of
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drive and media, formatting can yield unusable media. It seems that those die
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too on blanking by cdrecord or dvd+rw-format. Perils of DVD-RW, i fear.
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too on blanking by cdrecord, dvd+rw-format or cdrskin. Perils of DVD-RW.
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There are three formatting variants with cdrskin currently:
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There are three DVD-RW formatting variants with cdrskin currently:
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blank=format_overwrite uses "DVD-RW Quick" formatting (MMC-type 15h)
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and writes a first session of 128 MB. This leads to media which are expandable
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@ -431,12 +457,32 @@ and random addressable by cdrskin.
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blank=format_overwrite_quickest uses "DVD-RW Quick" formatting (type 15h) too,
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but leaves the media in "intermediate" state. In the first session of writing
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one may only write sequentially to such a DVD. After that, it gets random
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addressable by cdrskin.
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addressable by cdrskin. DVD-ROM drives might show ill behavior with them.
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blank=format_overwrite_full uses preferrably "Full Format" (type 00h).
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This formatting lasts as long as writing a full DVD. It includes writing of
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lead-out which is said to be good for DVD ROM compatibility.
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A de-formatting option is available to make overwriteable DVD-RW sequential:
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blank=deformat_sequential performs thorough blanking of all states of DVD-RW.
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blank=all and blank=fast perform the same thorough blanking, but refuse to do
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this with overwriteable DVD-RW, thus preserving their formatting. The specs
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allow minimal blanking but the resulting media on my drives offer no
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Incremental Streaming afterwards. So even blank=fast will do full blanking.
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DVD-R
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The specs state that DVD-R behave like sequential DVD-RW except the capability
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to get blanked or formatted. Thus they should be useable like CD-R media (but
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without -audio).
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Blank DVD-R media are accepted as suitable by cdrskin on my drives.
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I got only a few of those one-time recordable media and no real use case.
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So i prefer to start burning my DVD-R only at the end of my endeavor about
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sequential DVD. There's still plenty to do with DVD-RW testing.
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Special compilation variations
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