Description of CD-TEXT Guided by Leon Merten Lohse via libcdio-devel@gnu.org by reading mmc3r10g.pdf from http://www.t10.org/ftp/t10/drafts/mmc3/ by docs and results of cdtext.zip from http://www.sonydadc.com/file/ by reading http://digitalx.org/cue-sheet/syntax by reading source of libcdio from http://www.gnu.org/s/libcdio which quotes source of cdrecord from ftp://ftp.berlios.de/pub/cdrecord/alpha Language codes were learned from http://tech.ebu.ch/docs/tech/tech3264.pdf Genre codes were learned from libcdio and confirmed by http://helpdesk.audiofile-engineering.com/index.php?pg=kb.page&id=123 For libburnia-project.org by Thomas Schmitt Content: - CD-TEXT from the view of the user - Content specifications of particular pack types - Format of a CD-TEXT packs array - Overview of libburn API calls for CD-TEXT - Sony Text File Format (Input Sheet Version 0.7T) - CDRWIN cue sheet files ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- CD-TEXT from the view of the user: CD-TEXT records attributes of disc and tracks on audio CD. The attributes are grouped into blocks which represent particular languages. Up to 8 blocks are possible. There are 13 defined attribute categories, which are called Pack Types and are identified by a single-byte code: 0x80 = Title 0x81 = Names of Performers 0x82 = Names of Songwriters 0x83 = Names of Composers 0x84 = Names of Arrangers 0x85 = Messages 0x86 = text-and-binary: Disc Identification 0x87 = text-and-binary: Genre Identification 0x88 = binary: Table of Content information 0x89 = binary: Second Table of Content information (0x8a to 0x8c are reserved.) 0x8d = Closed Information 0x8e = UPC/EAN code of the album and ISRC code of each track 0x8f = binary: Size Information of the Block Some of these categories apply to the whole disc only: 0x86, 0x87, 0x88, 0x89, 0x8d Some have to be additionally attributed to each track, if they are present for the whole disc: 0x80, 0x81, 0x82, 0x83, 0x84, 0x85, 0x8e One describes the overall content of a block and in part of all other blocks: 0x8f The total size of a block's attribute set is restricted by the fact that it has to be stored in at most 253 records with 12 bytes of payload. These records are called Text Packs. A shortcut for repeated identical track texts is provided, so that a text that is identical to the one of the previous track occupies only 2 or 4 bytes. ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Content specification of particular pack types: Pack types 0x80 to 0x85 and 0x8e contain 0-terminated cleartext. If double byte characters are used, then two 0-bytes terminate the cleartext. The meaning of 0x80 to 0x85 should be clear by above list. They are encoded according to the Character Code of their block. Either as ISO-8859-1 single byte characters, or as 7-bit ASCII single byte characters, or as MS-JIS double byte characters. More info to 0x8e is given below. Pack type 0x86 (Disc Identification) is documented by Sony as "Catalog Number: (use ASCII Code) Catalog Number of the album". So it is not really binary but might be non-printable, and should contain only bytes with bit7 = 0. Pack type 0x87 contains 2 binary bytes, followed by 0-terminated cleartext. The two binary bytes form a big-endian index to the following list. 0x0000 = "Not Used" (Sony prescribes to use this if no genre applies) 0x0001 = "Not Defined" 0x0002 = "Adult Contemporary" 0x0003 = "Alternative Rock" 0x0004 = "Childrens Music" 0x0005 = "Classical" 0x0006 = "Contemporary Christian" 0x0007 = "Country" 0x0008 = "Dance" 0x0009 = "Easy Listening" 0x000a = "Erotic" 0x000b = "Folk" 0x000c = "Gospel" 0x000d = "Hip Hop" 0x000e = "Jazz" 0x000f = "Latin" 0x0010 = "Musical" 0x0011 = "New Age" 0x0012 = "Opera" 0x0013 = "Operetta" 0x0014 = "Pop Music" 0x0015 = "Rap" 0x0016 = "Reggae" 0x0017 = "Rock Music" 0x0018 = "Rhythm & Blues" 0x0019 = "Sound Effects" 0x001a = "Spoken Word" 0x001b = "World Music" Sony documents the cleartext part as "Genre information that would supplement the Genre Code, such as 'USA Rock music in the 60s'". Always ASCII encoded. Pack type 0x88 records information from the CDs Table of Content, as of READ PMA/TOC/ATIP Format 0010b (mmc5r03c.pdf, table 490 TOC Track Descriptor Format, Q Sub-channel). See below, Format of CD-TEXT packs, for more details about the content of pack type 0x88. Pack type 0x89 is yet quite unclear. It might be a representation of Playback Skip Interval, Mode-5 Q sub-channel, POINT 01 to 40 (mmc5r03.pdf 4.2.3.7.4). If so, then this seems not to apply to write type SAO, because the CUE SHEET format offers no way to express Mode-5 Q. See below, Format of CD-TEXT packs, for an example of this pack type. Pack type 0x8d is documented by Sony as "Closed Information: (use 8859-1 Code) Any information can be recorded on disc as memorandum. Information in this field will not be read by CD TEXT players available to the public." Always ISO-8859-1 encoded. Pack type 0x8e is documented by Sony as "UPC/EAN Code (POS Code) of the album. This field typically consists of 13 characters." Always ASCII encoded. It applies to tracks as "ISRC code [which] typically consists of 12 characters" and is always ISO-8859-1 encoded. MMC calls these information entities Media Catalog Number and ISRC. The catalog number consists of 13 decimal digits. ISRC consists of 12 characters: 2 country code [0-9A-Z], 3 owner code [0-9A-Z], 2 year digits (00 to 99), 5 serial number digits (00000 to 99999). Pack type 0x8f summarizes the whole list of text packs of a block. See below, Format of CD-TEXT packs, for details. ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Format of a CD-TEXT packs array: The attributes are represented on CD as Text Packs in the sub-channel of the Lead-in of the disc. See doc/cookbook.txt for a description how to write the readily formatted CD-TEXT pack array to CD, and how to read CD-TEXT packs from CD. The format is explained in part in MMC-3 (mmc3r10g.pdf, Annex J) and in part by the documentation in Sony's cdtext.zip : Each pack consists of a 4-byte header, 12 bytes of payload, and 2 bytes of CRC. The first byte of each pack tells the pack type. See above for a list of types. The second byte tells the track number to which the first text piece in a pack is associated. Number 0 means the whole album. Higher numbers are valid for types 0x80 to 0x85, and 0x8e. With these types, there should be one text for the disc and one for each track. With types 0x88 and 0x89, the second byte bears a track number, too. With type 0x8f, the second byte counts the record parts from 0 to 2. The third byte is a sequential counter. The fourth byte is the Block Number and Character Position Indicator. It consists of three bit fields: bit7 = Double Bytes Character Code (0= single byte characters) bit4-6 = Block Number (groups text packs in language blocks) bit0-3 = Character position. Either the number of characters which the current text inherited from the previous pack, or 15 if the current text started before the previous pack. The 12 payload bytes contain pieces of 0-terminated texts or binary data. A text may span over several packs. Unused characters in a pack are used for the next text of the same pack type. If no text of the same type follows, then the remaining text bytes are set to 0. The CRC algorithm uses divisor 0x11021. The resulting 16-bit residue of the polynomial division gets exored with 0xffff and written as big-endian number to bytes 16 and 17 of the pack. The text packs are grouped in up to 8 blocks of at most 256 packs. Each block is in charge for one language. Sequence numbers of each block are counted separately. All packs of block 0 come before the packs of block 1. The limitation of block number and sequence numbers imply that there are at most 2048 text packs possible. (READ TOC/PMS/ATIP could retrieve 3640 packs, as it is limited to 64 kB - 2.) If a text of a track (pack types 0x80 to 0x85 and 0x8e) repeats identically for the next track, then it may be represented by a TAB character (ASCII 9) for single byte texts, resp. two TAB characters for double byte texts. (This should be used because 256 * 12 bytes is few space for 99 tracks.) The two binary bytes of pack type 0x87 are written to the first 0x87 pack of a block. They may or may not be repeated at the start of the follow-up packs of type 0x87. The first pack of type 0x88 in a block records in its payload bytes: 0 : PMIN of POINT A1 = First Track Number 1 : PMIN of POINT A2 = Last Track Number 2 : unknown, 0 in Sony example 3 : PMIN of POINT A2 = Start position of Lead-Out 4 : PSEC of POINT A2 = Start position of Lead-Out 5 : PFRAME of POINT A2 = Start position of Lead-Out 6 to 11 : unknown, 0 in Sony example The following packs record PMIN, PSEC, PFRAME of the POINTs between the lowest track number (min 01h) and the highest track number (max 63h). The payload of the last pack is padded by 0s. The Sony .TOC example: A0 01 A1 14 A2 63:02:18 01 00:02:00 02 04:11:25 03 08:02:50 04 11:47:62 ... 13 53:24:25 14 57:03:25 yields 88 00 23 00 01 0e 00 3f 02 12 00 00 00 00 00 00 12 00 88 01 24 00 00 02 00 04 0b 19 08 02 32 0b 2f 3e 67 2d ... 88 0d 27 00 35 18 19 39 03 19 00 00 00 00 00 00 ea af Pack type 0x89 is yet quite unclear. Especially what the information shall mean to the user of the CD. The time points in the Sony example are in the time range of the tracks numbers that are given before the time points: 01 02:41:48 01 02:52:58 06 23:14:25 06 23:29:60 07 28:30:39 07 28:42:30 13 55:13:26 13 55:31:50 yields 89 01 28 00 01 04 00 00 00 00 02 29 30 02 34 3a f3 0c 89 06 29 00 02 04 00 00 00 00 17 0e 19 17 1d 3c 73 92 89 07 2a 00 03 04 00 00 00 00 1c 1e 27 1c 2a 1e 72 20 89 0d 2b 00 04 04 00 00 00 00 37 0d 1a 37 1f 32 0b 62 The track numbers are stored in the track number byte of the packs. The two time points are stored in byte 6 to 11 of the payload. Byte 0 of the payload seems to be a sequential counter. Byte 1 always 4 ? Byte 2 to 5 always 0 ? Pack type 0x8f summarizes the whole list of text packs of a block. So there is one group of three 0x8f packs per block. Nevertheless each 0x8f group tells the highest sequence number and the language code of all blocks. The payload bytes of three 0x8f packs form a 36 byte record. The track number bytes of the three packs have the values 0, 1, 2. Byte : 0 : Character code for pack types 0x80 to 0x85: 0x00 = ISO-8859-1 0x01 = 7 bit ASCII 0x80 = MS-JIS (japanese Kanji, double byte characters) 1 : Number of first track 2 : Number of last track 3 : libcdio source states: "cd-text information copyright byte" Probably 3 means "copyrighted", 0 means "not copyrighted". 4 - 19 : Pack count of the various types 0x80 to 0x8f. Byte number N tells the count of packs of type 0x80 + (N - 4). I.e. the first byte in this field of 16 counts packs of type 0x80. 20 - 27 : Highest sequence byte number of blocks 0 to 7. 28 - 36 : Language code for blocks 0 to 7 (tech3264.pdf appendix 3) Not all of these Codes have ever been seen with CD-TEXT, though. 0x00 = Unknown 0x01 = Albanian 0x02 = Breton 0x03 = Catalan 0x04 = Croatian 0x05 = Welsh 0x06 = Czech 0x07 = Danish 0x08 = German 0x09 = English 0x0a = Spanish 0x0b = Esperanto 0x0c = Estonian 0x0d = Basque 0x0e = Faroese 0x0f = French 0x10 = Frisian 0x11 = Irish 0x12 = Gaelic 0x13 = Galician 0x14 = Icelandic 0x15 = Italian 0x16 = Lappish 0x17 = Latin 0x18 = Latvian 0x19 = Luxembourgian 0x1a = Lithuanian 0x1b = Hungarian 0x1c = Maltese 0x1d = Dutch 0x1e = Norwegian 0x1f = Occitan 0x20 = Polish 0x21 = Portuguese 0x22 = Romanian 0x23 = Romansh 0x24 = Serbian 0x25 = Slovak 0x26 = Slovenian 0x27 = Finnish 0x28 = Swedish 0x29 = Turkish 0x2a = Flemish 0x2b = Wallon 0x45 = Zulu 0x46 = Vietnamese 0x47 = Uzbek 0x48 = Urdu 0x49 = Ukrainian 0x4a = Thai 0x4b = Telugu 0x4c = Tatar 0x4d = Tamil 0x4e = Tadzhik 0x4f = Swahili 0x50 = Sranan Tongo 0x51 = Somali 0x52 = Sinhalese 0x53 = Shona 0x54 = Serbo-croat 0x55 = Ruthenian 0x56 = Russian 0x57 = Quechua 0x58 = Pushtu 0x59 = Punjabi 0x5a = Persian 0x5b = Papamiento 0x5c = Oriya 0x5d = Nepali 0x5e = Ndebele 0x5f = Marathi 0x60 = Moldavian 0x61 = Malaysian 0x62 = Malagasay 0x63 = Macedonian 0x64 = Laotian 0x65 = Korean 0x66 = Khmer 0x67 = Kazakh 0x68 = Kannada 0x69 = Japanese 0x6a = Indonesian 0x6b = Hindi 0x6c = Hebrew 0x6d = Hausa 0x6e = Gurani 0x6f = Gujurati 0x70 = Greek 0x71 = Georgian 0x72 = Fulani 0x73 = Dari 0x74 = Churash 0x75 = Chinese 0x76 = Burmese 0x77 = Bulgarian 0x78 = Bengali 0x79 = Bielorussian 0x7a = Bambora 0x7b = Azerbaijani 0x7c = Assamese 0x7d = Armenian 0x7e = Arabic 0x7f = Amharic E.g. these three packs 42 : 8f 00 2a 00 01 01 03 00 06 05 04 05 07 06 01 02 48 65 43 : 8f 01 2b 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 06 03 2c 00 00 00 c0 20 44 : 8f 02 2c 00 00 00 00 00 09 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 11 45 decode to Byte :Value Meaning 0 : 01 = ASCII 7-bit 1 : 01 = first track is 1 2 : 03 = last track is 3 3 : 00 = copyright (0 = public domain, 3 = copyrighted ?) 4 : 06 = 6 packs of type 0x80 5 : 05 = 5 packs of type 0x81 6 : 04 = 4 packs of type 0x82 7 : 05 = 5 packs of type 0x83 8 : 07 = 7 packs of type 0x84 9 : 06 = 6 packs of type 0x85 10 : 01 = 1 pack of type 0x86 11 : 02 = 2 packs of type 0x87 12 : 00 = 0 packs of type 0x88 13 : 00 = 0 packs of type 0x89 14 : 00 00 00 00 = 0 packs of types 0x8a to 0x8d 18 : 06 = 6 packs of type 0x8e 19 : 03 = 3 packs of type 0x8f 20 : 2c = last sequence for block 0 This matches the sequence number of the last text pack (0x2c = 44) 21 : 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 = last sequence numbers for block 1..7 (none) 28 : 09 = language code for block 0: English 29 : 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 = language codes for block 1..7 (none) ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- libburn API calls for CD-TEXT (see libburn/libburn.h for details): libburn can retrieve the set of text packs from a CD: int burn_disc_get_leadin_text(struct burn_drive *d, unsigned char **text_packs, int *num_packs, int flag); It can write a text pack set with a CD SAO session. This set may be attached as array of readily formatted text packs by: int burn_write_opts_set_leadin_text(struct burn_write_opts *opts, unsigned char *text_packs, int num_packs, int flag); The array may be read from a file by int burn_cdtext_from_packfile(char *path, unsigned char **text_packs, int *num_packs, int flag); Alternatively the pack set may be defined by attaching CD-TEXT attributes to burn_session and burn_track: int burn_session_set_cdtext_par(struct burn_session *s, int char_codes[8], int copyrights[8], int languages[8], int flag); int burn_session_set_cdtext(struct burn_session *s, int block, int pack_type, char *pack_type_name, unsigned char *payload, int length, int flag); int burn_track_set_cdtext(struct burn_track *t, int block, int pack_type, char *pack_type_name, unsigned char *payload, int length, int flag); Macros list the texts for genre and language codes: BURN_CDTEXT_LANGUAGES_0X00 BURN_CDTEXT_FILLER BURN_CDTEXT_LANGUAGES_0X45 BURN_CDTEXT_GENRE_LIST BURN_CDTEXT_NUM_GENRES There is a reader for Sony Input Sheet Version 0.7T: int burn_session_input_sheet_v07t(struct burn_session *session, char *path, int block, int flag); The session and track attributes can then be converted into an array of text packs by: int burn_cdtext_from_session(struct burn_session *s, unsigned char **text_packs, int *num_packs, int flag); or they can be written as array of text packs to CD when burning begins and no array of pre-formatted packs was attached to the write options by burn_write_opts_set_leadin_text(). There are calls for inspecting the attached attributes: int burn_session_get_cdtext_par(struct burn_session *s, int char_codes[8], int copyrights[8], int block_languages[8], int flag); int burn_session_get_cdtext(struct burn_session *s, int block, int pack_type, char *pack_type_name, unsigned char **payload, int *length, int flag); int burn_track_get_cdtext(struct burn_track *t, int block, int pack_type, char *pack_type_name, unsigned char **payload, int *length, int flag); and for removing attached attributes: int burn_session_dispose_cdtext(struct burn_session *s, int block); int burn_track_dispose_cdtext(struct burn_track *t, int block); CD-TEXT can be read from a CDRWIN cue sheet file which defines the tracks of a session int burn_session_by_cue_file(struct burn_session *session, char *path, int fifo_size, struct burn_source **fifo, unsigned char **text_packs, int *num_packs, int flag); ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Sony Text File Format (Input Sheet Version 0.7T): This text file format provides comprehensive means to define the text attributes of session and tracks for a single block. More than one such file has to be read to form an attribute set with multiple blocks. The information is given by text lines of the following form: purpose specifier [whitespace] = [whitespace] content text [whitespace] is zero or more ASCII 32 (space) or ASCII 9 (tab) characters. The purpose specifier tells the meaning of the content text. Empty content text does not cause a CD-TEXT attribute to be attached. The following purpose specifiers apply to the session as a whole: Specifier = Meaning ------------------------------------------------------------------------- Text Code = Character code for pack type 0x8f "ASCII", "8859" Language Code = One of the language names for pack type 0x8f Album Title = Content of pack type 0x80 Artist Name = Content of pack type 0x81 Songwriter = Content of pack type 0x82 Composer = Content of pack type 0x83 Arranger = Content of pack type 0x84 Album Message = Content of pack type 0x85 Catalog Number = Content of pack type 0x86 Genre Code = One of the genre names for pack type 0x87 Genre Information = Cleartext part of pack type 0x87 Closed Information = Content of pack type 0x8d UPC / EAN = Content of pack type 0x8e Text Data Copy Protection = Copyright value for pack type 0x8f "ON" = 0x03, "OFF" = 0x00 First Track Number = The lowest track number used in the file Last Track Number = The highest track number used in the file The following purpose specifiers apply to particular tracks: Track NN Title = Content of pack type 0x80 Track NN Artist = Content of pack type 0x81 Track NN Songwriter = Content of pack type 0x82 Track NN Composer = Content of pack type 0x83 Track NN Arranger = Content of pack type 0x84 Track NN Message = Content of pack type 0x85 ISRC NN = Content of pack type 0x8e The following purpose specifiers have no effect on CD-TEXT: Remarks = Comments with no influence on CD-TEXT Disc Information NN = Supplementary information for use by record companies. ISO-8859-1 encoded. NN ranges from 01 to 04. Input Sheet Version = "0.7T" libburn peculiarties: libburn may read files of the described format by burn_session_input_sheet_v07t() after the burn_session has been establiched and all burn_track objects have been added. The following purpose specifiers accept byte values of the form 0xXY. Text Code , Language Code , Genre Code , Text Data Copy Protection E.g. to indicate MS-JIS character code (of which the exact name is unknown): Text Code = 0x80 Genre Code is settable by 0xXY or 0xXYZT or 0xXY 0xZT. Genre Code = 0x001b Purpose specifiers which have the meaning "Content of pack type 0xXY" may be replaced by the pack type codes. E.g.: 0x80 = Session content of pack type 0x80 Track 02 0x80 = Track content of pack type 0x80 for track 2. Applicable are pack types 0x80 to 0x86, 0x8d, 0x8e. Text Code may be specified only once. It gets speficied to "ISO-8850-1" automatically as soon as content is defined which depends on the text encoding of the block. I.e with pack types 0x80 to 0x85. If a track attribute is set, but the corresponding session attribute is not defined or defined with empty text, then the session attribute gets attached as empty test. (Normally empty content is ignored.) libburn will always start track numbering by 1. So it adjusts all track numbers from the input sheet file by subtracting (First Track Number - 1). libburn ignores Last Track number because it will always write its own first and last track numbers to pack type 0x8f. Example cdrskin run with three tracks: $ cdrskin dev=/dev/sr0 -v input_sheet_v07t=NIGHTCATS.TXT \ -audio track_source_1 track_source_2 track_source_3 ---------------------------------------------------------- Content of file NIGHTCATS.TXT : ---------------------------------------------------------- Input Sheet Version = 0.7T Text Code = 8859 Language Code = English Album Title = Joyful Nights Artist Name = United Cat Orchestra Songwriter = Various Songwriters Composer = Various Composers Arranger = Tom Cat Album Message = For all our fans Catalog Number = 1234567890 Genre Code = Classical Genre Information = Feline classic music Closed Information = This is not to be shown by CD players UPC / EAN = 1234567890123 Text Data Copy Protection = OFF First Track Number = 1 Last Track Number = 3 Track 01 Title = Song of Joy Track 01 Artist = Felix and The Purrs Track 01 Songwriter = Friedrich Schiller Track 01 Composer = Ludwig van Beethoven Track 01 Arranger = Tom Cat Track 01 Message = Fritz and Louie once were punks ISRC 01 = XYBLG1101234 Track 02 Title = Humpty Dumpty Track 02 Artist = Catwalk Beauties Track 02 Songwriter = Mother Goose Track 02 Composer = unknown Track 02 Arranger = Tom Cat Track 02 Message = Pluck the goose ISRC 02 = XYBLG1100005 Track 03 Title = Mee Owwww Track 03 Artist = Mia Kitten Track 03 Songwriter = Mia Kitten Track 03 Composer = Mia Kitten Track 03 Arranger = Mia Kitten Track 03 Message = ISRC 03 = XYBLG1100006 ---------------------------------------------------------- ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- CDRWIN cue sheet files: A CDRWIN cue sheet file defines the track data source (FILE), various text attributes (CATALOG, TITLE, PERFORMER, SONGWRITER, ISRC), track block types (TRACK) and track start addresses (INDEX 01). The rules for CDRWIN cue sheet files are described at http://digitalx.org/cue-sheet/syntax/ -------------------------------------- Example of a CDRWIN cue sheet file : -------------------------------------- CATALOG 1234567890123 FILE "cdtext.bin" BINARY TITLE "Joyful Nights" TRACK 01 AUDIO FLAGS DCP 4CH PRE TITLE "Song of Joy" PERFORMER "Felix and The Purrs" SONGWRITER "Friedrich Schiller" ISRC XYBLG1101234 INDEX 01 00:00:00 TRACK 02 AUDIO FLAGS DCP TITLE "Humpty Dumpty" PERFORMER "Catwalk Beauties" SONGWRITER "Mother Goose" ISRC XYBLG1100005 INDEX 01 08:20:12 TRACK 03 AUDIO FLAGS DCP TITLE "Mee Owwww" PERFORMER "Mia Kitten" SONGWRITER "Mia Kitten" ISRC XYBLG1100006 INDEX 01 13:20:33 -------------------------------------- Several restrictions apply in the libburn call burn_session_by_cue_file(): Commands POSTGAP, PREGAP are ignored. Only FILE types BINARY, MOTOROLA are allowed. Only TRACK datatypes AUDIO, MODE1/2048 are allowed. They may not be mixed in the same session. INDEX numbers 00, 02 to 99 are ignored. ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- This text is copyright 2011 - 2012 Thomas Schmitt . Permission is granted to copy, modify, and distribute it, as long as the references to the original information sources are maintained. There is NO WARRANTY, to the extent permitted by law. -------------------------------------------------------------------------------