Made use of formatting of DVD-RW

cdrskin/README

@@ -9,7 +9,7 @@ This all is under GPL.
 Based on and sub project of:
 libburnia.pykix.org
 By Mario Danic <mario.danic@gmail.com> and Thomas Schmitt <scdbackup@gmx.net>
-Copyright (C) 2006 Mario Danic, Thomas Schmitt
+Copyright (C) 2006-2007 Mario Danic, Thomas Schmitt
 
 libburnia.pykix.org is inspired by and in other components still containing
 parts of
@@ -27,7 +27,7 @@ cdrskin. By Thomas Schmitt <scdbackup@gmx.net>
 Integrated sub project of libburnia.pykix.org but also published via:
 http://scdbackup.sourceforge.net/cdrskin_eng.html
 http://scdbackup.sourceforge.net/cdrskin-0.2.7.tar.gz
-Copyright (C) 2006 Thomas Schmitt
+Copyright (C) 2006-2007 Thomas Schmitt
 
 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------
 
@@ -164,11 +164,11 @@ Thoroughly blank a CD-RW
 Blank CD-RW sufficiently for making it ready for overwrite
     cdrskin -v dev=0,1,0 blank=fast -eject 
 
-Burn image file  my_image.iso  to CD or DVD+RW
+Burn image file  my_image.iso  to CD or DVD+-RW
     cdrskin -v dev=0,1,0 speed=12 fs=8m driveropts=burnfree padsize=300k \
             -eject  my_image.iso 
 
-Burn a compressed afio archive to CD or DVD+RW on-the-fly
+Burn a compressed afio archive to CD or DVD+-RW on-the-fly
     find . | afio -oZ - | cdrskin -v dev=0,1,0 fs=32m speed=8 -tao \
                                   driveropts=burnfree padsize=300k - 
 
@@ -212,7 +212,7 @@ Many cdrecord options are still unsupported, though.
 
 If you have use cases for them, please report your wishes and expectations.
 
-DVD support is still immature and restricted to DVD+RW for now. 
+DVD support is still immature and restricted to DVD+-RW for now. 
 
 
 
@@ -399,6 +399,25 @@ into the format of the burned data. Be advised to use growisofs for the
 task of maintaining extendable ISO-Filesystems on DVD+RW. 
 
 
+                                     DVD-RW
+
+DVD-RW are usable if formatted to state "Restricted Overwrite". They then
+behave much like DVD+RW. See above.
+DVD-RW in state "Sequential" have first to be formatted by
+  cdrskin dev=... -v blank=format_overwrite
+"Sequential" is the state of unused media and of media previously blanked
+or written by cdrecord. dvd+rw-format -blank can also achieve this state.
+(Command  dvd+rw-format -force  can achieve "Restricted Overwrite".)
+  
+Formatting or first use of freshly formatted DVD-RW can produce unusual noises
+from the drive and last several minutes. Depending on mutual compatibility of
+drive and media, formatting can yield unusable media. I finally always got
+them revived again by help of:  cdrecord-2.01.01a23 dev=... -v blank=fast 
+After some tries, they got converted into state "Sequential" from where a
+new try could be made to get them reliably into state "Restricted Overwrite".
+(A similar sequential blank feature with cdrskin is still to come.)
+
+
                         Special compilation variations
 
 You may get a (super fat) statically linked binary by :

cdrskin/cdrskin.1

@@ -2,7 +2,7 @@
 .\" First parameter, NAME, should be all caps
 .\" Second parameter, SECTION, should be 1-8, maybe w/ subsection
 .\" other parameters are allowed: see man(7), man(1)
-.TH CDRSKIN 1 "December 16, 2006"
+.TH CDRSKIN 1 "January 1, 2007"
 .\" Please adjust this date whenever revising the manpage.
 .\"
 .\" Some roff macros, for reference:
@@ -88,7 +88,7 @@ cdrskin is able to fulfill the needs about their option -C.
 .br
 Another type of data track content are archive formats which originally
 have been developed for magnetic tapes. Only formats which mark a detectable
-end-of-archive in their data are suitable with CD, though. Well tested are
+end-of-archive in their data are suitable, though. Well tested are
 the archivers afio and star. Not suitable seems GNU tar.
 .PP
 .B Recordable CD Media:
@@ -98,19 +98,30 @@ get closed (or are spoiled because they are overly full). After that they are
 read-only.
 .br
 CD-RW media can be blanked to make them re-usable for another
-round of overwriting. Blanking damages the previous content but does not
+round of overwriting. Usually
+.B blank=fast
+is the appropriate option.
+Blanking damages the previous content but does not
 make it completely unreadable. It is no effective privacy precaution.
 Multiple cycles of blanking and overwriting with random numbers might be.
 .PP
 .B Recordable DVD Media:
 .br
-Currently only type DVD+RW can be burned via cdrskin.
+Currently only types DVD+RW and DVD-RW can be burned via cdrskin.
+.br
 DVD+RW media get treated as blank media regardless wether they hold data
 or not. Options -audio and -multi are not allowed. Only one track is allowed.
 -toc does not return information about the media content.
 Speed is counted in DVD units (i.e. 1x = 1,385,000 bytes/second). Currently
 there is no difference between -sao and -tao. If ever, then -tao will be the
 mode which preserves the current behavior.
+.br
+DVD-RW need to be formatted to state "Restricted Overwrite". They then behave
+much like CD-RW. This formatting can be done by option
+.B blank=format_overwrite
+It is necessary for unused media, for media written or blanked by cdrecord,
+for media which have been written unformatted by growisofs or blanked by
+dvd+rw-format -blank. If in doubt, just give it a try.
 .PP
 .B Drive preparation and addressing:
 .br
@@ -172,7 +183,8 @@ those parameters and eventually raw audio data get extracted and burned as
 audio track. Same is done for suffix .au and SUN Audio.
 .TP 
 .BI blank= type
-Blank a CD-RW disc. This is combinable with burning in the same run of cdrskin.
+Blank a CD-RW or format a DVD-RW.i
+This is combinable with burning in the same run of cdrskin.
 The type given with blank= selects the particular behavior:
 .RS
 .TP
@@ -180,10 +192,13 @@ help
 Print this list of blanking types.
 .TP
 all
-Blank the entire disk.
+Blank an entire CD.
 .TP
 fast
-Minimally blank the entire disk.
+Minimally blank an entire CD.
+.TP
+format_overwrite
+Format a DVD-RW to "Restricted Overwrite".
 .RE
 .TP
 .BI \-checkdrive
@@ -444,8 +459,9 @@ interpretation of eventual startup files. See section FILES below.
 Accept only the last argument of the command line as track source address.
 .TP 
 .BI write_start_address= byte_offset
-Set the address on media where to start writing the track. DVD+RW only for
+Set the address on media where to start writing the track. With DVD+RW 
-now. byte_offset must be aligned to 2 KB blocks. Better is 32 kB alignment.
+ byte_offset must be aligned to 2 KB blocks. With DVD-RW alignment is 32 kB.
+Other media are not suitable for this option yet.
 .PP
 Alphabetical list of options which are only intended for very special
 situations and not for  normal use:
@@ -557,6 +573,10 @@ cdrskin -v dev=/dev/sg1 blank=all -eject
 .br
 cdrskin -v dev=/dev/dvd blank=fast -eject
 .SS
+.B Format DVD-RW before first use with cdrskin:
+.br
+cdrskin -v dev=/dev/sr0 blank=format_overwrite
+.SS
 .B Write ISO-9660 filesystem image:
 .br
 cdrskin -v dev=/dev/hdc speed=12 fs=8m \\

cdrskin/cdrskin.c

@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 
 /*
- cdrskin.c , Copyright 2006 Thomas Schmitt <scdbackup@gmx.net>
+ cdrskin.c , Copyright 2006-2007 Thomas Schmitt <scdbackup@gmx.net>
 Provided under GPL. See future commitment below.
 
 A cdrecord compatible command line interface for libburn.
@@ -171,6 +171,7 @@ or
 #define Cdrskin_libburn_has_set_start_bytE 1
 #define Cdrskin_libburn_has_wrote_welL 1
 #define Cdrskin_libburn_has_bd_formattinG 1
+#define Cdrskin_libburn_has_burn_disc_formaT 1
 #endif /* Cdrskin_libburn_0_2_7 */
 
 #ifndef Cdrskin_libburn_versioN
@@ -1826,6 +1827,8 @@ return:
              "\tfast\t\tminimally blank the entire disk\n");
      fprintf(stderr,
           "\tminimal\t\tminimally blank the entire disk\n");
+     fprintf(stderr,
+          "\tformat_overwrite\tformat a DVD-RW to \"Restricted Overwrite\"\n");
 
 #else /* ! Cdrskin_extra_leaN */
 
@@ -2374,6 +2377,8 @@ struct CdrskiN {
  int do_blank;
  int blank_fast;
  int no_blank_appendable;
+ int blank_format_type; /* 0=blank, 1 to 255 like with burn_disc_format(flag):
+                           1=format_overwrite, 2=format_sequential */
 
  int do_burn;
  int burnfree;
@@ -2497,6 +2502,7 @@ int Cdrskin_new(struct CdrskiN **skin, struct CdrpreskiN *preskin, int flag)
  o->do_blank= 0;
  o->blank_fast= 0;
  o->no_blank_appendable= 0;
+ o->blank_format_type= 0;
  o->do_burn= 0;
  o->write_type= BURN_WRITE_SAO;
  o->block_type= BURN_BLOCK_SAO;
@@ -3834,7 +3840,9 @@ ex:;
                 bit0= do not print message about pseudo-checkdrive
 */
 int Cdrskin_wait_before_action(struct CdrskiN *skin, int flag)
-/* flag: bit0= BLANK rather than write mode */
+/* flag: bit0= BLANK rather than write mode
+         bit1= FORMAT rather than write mode
+*/
 {
  int i;
 
@@ -3849,7 +3857,7 @@ int Cdrskin_wait_before_action(struct CdrskiN *skin, int flag)
    printf(
   "Starting to write CD/DVD at speed %s in %s %s mode for %s session.\n",
           speed_text,(skin->dummy_mode?"dummy":"real"),
-          (flag&1?"BLANK":skin->preskin->write_mode_name),
+          (flag&2?"FORMAT":(flag&1?"BLANK":skin->preskin->write_mode_name)),
           (skin->multi?"multi":"single"));
    printf("Last chance to quit, starting real write in %3d seconds.",
           skin->gracetime);
@@ -3878,8 +3886,14 @@ int Cdrskin_blank(struct CdrskiN *skin, int flag)
  enum burn_disc_status s;
  struct burn_progress p;
  struct burn_drive *drive;
- int ret,loop_counter= 0,hint_force= 0;
+ int ret,loop_counter= 0,hint_force= 0,do_format= 0, profile_number= -1;
+ int wrote_well= 1;
  double start_time;
+ char *verb= "format", *presperf="blanking", *fmt_text= "format_...";
+ char profile_name[80];
+ static char fmtp[][40]= {
+                    "format_default", "format_overwrite", "format_sequential"};
+ static int fmtp_max= 2;
 
  start_time= Sfile_microtime(0); /* will be refreshed later */
  ret= Cdrskin_grab_drive(skin,0);
@@ -3896,8 +3910,19 @@ int Cdrskin_blank(struct CdrskiN *skin, int flag)
  s= burn_disc_get_status(drive);
 #endif
 
+ profile_name[0]= 0;
+#ifdef Cdrskin_libburn_has_get_profilE
+ if(skin->grabbed_drive)
+   burn_disc_get_profile(skin->grabbed_drive,&profile_number,profile_name);
+#endif
+
  if(skin->verbosity>=Cdrskin_verbose_progresS)
    Cdrskin_report_disc_status(skin,s,0);
+ do_format= skin->blank_format_type;
+ if(do_format) {
+   verb= "format";
+   presperf= "formatting";
+ }
 
 #ifdef Cdrskin_libburn_has_pretend_fulL
  if(s==BURN_DISC_UNSUITABLE) {
@@ -3911,44 +3936,103 @@ int Cdrskin_blank(struct CdrskiN *skin, int flag)
  }
 #endif /* Cdrskin_libburn_has_pretend_fulL */
 
- if(s!=BURN_DISC_FULL && 
+ if(do_format) {
-    (s!=BURN_DISC_APPENDABLE || skin->no_blank_appendable)) {
+   if(do_format>=0 && do_format<=fmtp_max)
-   Cdrskin_release_drive(skin,0);
+     fmt_text= fmtp[do_format];
-   if(s==BURN_DISC_BLANK) {
+   if(do_format!=1) {
+
+     /* >>> other formats to come. At least _sequential */;
+
      fprintf(stderr,
-       "cdrskin: NOTE : blank=... : media was already blank (and still is)\n");
+          "cdrskin: SORRY : only blank=%s is implemented yet\n",fmtp[1]);
-     return(2);
+     return(0);
-   } else if(s==BURN_DISC_APPENDABLE) {
+   } else if(profile_number == 0x14) { /* DVD-RW sequential */
-     fprintf(stderr,
+     if(do_format!=2 && do_format!=1)
-             "cdrskin: FATAL : blank=... : media is still appendable\n");
+       goto unsupported_with_dvd_minus_rw;
+   } else if(profile_number == 0x13) { /* DVD-RW restricted overwrite */
+     if(do_format==2) { /* >>> when re-formatting is implemented:
+                                || (do_format==1 && skin->force_is_set) */
+       ;
+     } else if(do_format!=1) {
+unsupported_with_dvd_minus_rw:;
+       fprintf(stderr,
+           "cdrskin: SORRY : blank=%s : unsupported format type with DVD-RW\n",
+           fmt_text);
+       return(0);
+     } else {
+       fprintf(stderr,
+     "cdrskin: SORRY : blank=format_overwrite : media is already formatted\n");
+/* >>> when re-formatting is implemented
+       fprintf(stderr,
+       "cdrskin: HINT : If you really want to re-format, try option -force\n");
+*/
+       return(2);
+     }
    } else {
      fprintf(stderr,
-             "cdrskin: FATAL : blank=... : no blankworthy disc found\n");
+             "cdrskin: SORRY : blank=%s for now does DVD-RW only\n",fmt_text);
-     if(hint_force)
+     return(0);
-       fprintf(stderr,
+   }
-    "cdrskin: HINT : If you are certain to have a CD-RW, try option -force\n");
+   if(s==BURN_DISC_UNSUITABLE)
+     fprintf(stderr,
+         "cdrskin: NOTE : blank=%s accepted not yet suitable media\n",
+         fmt_text);
+ } else {
+   if(s!=BURN_DISC_FULL && 
+      (s!=BURN_DISC_APPENDABLE || skin->no_blank_appendable)) {
+     Cdrskin_release_drive(skin,0);
+     if(s==BURN_DISC_BLANK) {
+       fprintf(stderr,
+       "cdrskin: NOTE : blank=... : media was already blank (and still is)\n");
+       return(2);
+     } else if(s==BURN_DISC_APPENDABLE) {
+       fprintf(stderr,
+               "cdrskin: FATAL : blank=... : media is still appendable\n");
+     } else {
+       fprintf(stderr,
+               "cdrskin: FATAL : blank=... : no blankworthy disc found\n");
+       if(hint_force)
+         fprintf(stderr,
+    "cdrskin: HINT : If you are certain to have a CD-RW, try option -force\n");
+     }
+     return(0);
+   }
+   if(!burn_disc_erasable(drive)) {
+     fprintf(stderr,"cdrskin: FATAL : blank=... : media is not erasable\n");
+     return(0);
    }
-   return(0);
- }
- if(!burn_disc_erasable(drive)) {
-   fprintf(stderr,
-           "cdrskin: FATAL : blank=... : media is not erasable\n");
-   return(0);
  }
  if(skin->dummy_mode) {
    fprintf(stderr,
-           "cdrskin: would have begun to blank disc if not in -dummy mode\n");
+           "cdrskin: would have begun to %s disc if not in -dummy mode\n",
+           verb);
    goto blanking_done;
  }
- fprintf(stderr,"cdrskin: beginning to blank disc\n");
+ fprintf(stderr,"cdrskin: beginning to %s disc\n",verb);
  Cdrskin_adjust_speed(skin,0);
 
 #ifndef Cdrskin_extra_leaN
- Cdrskin_wait_before_action(skin,1);
+ Cdrskin_wait_before_action(skin,1+(!!do_format));
 #endif /* ! Cdrskin_extra_leaN */
 
  skin->drive_is_busy= 1;
- burn_disc_erase(drive,skin->blank_fast);
+ if(do_format==0) {
+   burn_disc_erase(drive,skin->blank_fast);
+
+#ifdef Cdrskin_libburn_has_burn_disc_formaT
+ } else if(do_format==1) {
+   burn_disc_format(drive,0);
+#endif
+
+ } else {
+
+   /* >>> */;
+
+   /* <<< */
+   fprintf(stderr,"cdrskin: SORRY : Format type %d not implemented yet.\n",
+           do_format);
+   ret= 0; goto ex;
+ }
 
  loop_counter= 0;
  start_time= Sfile_microtime(0);
@@ -3960,22 +4044,33 @@ int Cdrskin_blank(struct CdrskiN *skin, int flag)
        if(p.sectors>0) /* i want a display of 1 to 99 percent */
          percent= 1.0+((double) p.sector+1.0)/((double) p.sectors)*98.0;
        fprintf(stderr,
-          "\rcdrskin: blanking ( done %2d%% , %lu seconds elapsed )          ",
+          "\rcdrskin: %s ( done %2d%% , %lu seconds elapsed )          ",
-          percent,(unsigned long) (Sfile_microtime(0)-start_time));
+          presperf,percent,(unsigned long) (Sfile_microtime(0)-start_time));
      }
    sleep(1);
    loop_counter++;
  }
 blanking_done:;
- skin->drive_is_busy= 0;
+#ifdef Cdrskin_libburn_has_wrote_welL
- if(skin->verbosity>=Cdrskin_verbose_progresS) {
+ wrote_well = burn_drive_wrote_well(drive);
+#endif
+ if(wrote_well && skin->verbosity>=Cdrskin_verbose_progresS) {
    fprintf(stderr,
-    "\rcdrskin: blanking done                                             \n");
+           "\rcdrskin: %s done                                        \n",
-   printf("Blanking time:   %.3fs\n",Sfile_microtime(0)-start_time);
+           presperf);
-   fflush(stdout);
+   printf("%s time:   %.3fs\n",(do_format?"Formatting":"Blanking"),
+          Sfile_microtime(0)-start_time);
  }
+ fflush(stdout);
+ if(!wrote_well)
+   fprintf(stderr,
+           "\rcdrskin: %s failed                                      \n",
+           presperf);
+ ret= !!(wrote_well);
+ex:;
+ skin->drive_is_busy= 0;
  Cdrskin_release_drive(skin,0);
- return(1);
+ return(ret);
 }
 
 
@@ -4887,7 +4982,7 @@ int Cdrskin_setup(struct CdrskiN *skin, int argc, char **argv, int flag)
 {
  int i,k,ret,source_has_size=0;
  double value,grab_and_wait_value= -1.0;
- char *cpt,*value_pt,adr[Cdrskin_adrleN];
+ char *cpt,*value_pt,adr[Cdrskin_adrleN],*blank_mode= "";
  struct stat stbuf;
 
  /* cdrecord 2.01 options which are not scheduled for implementation, yet */
@@ -5014,23 +5109,33 @@ set_abort_max_wait:;
    } else if(strncmp(argv[i],"blank=",6)==0) {
      cpt= argv[i]+6;
 set_blank:;
+     skin->blank_format_type= 0;
+     blank_mode= cpt;
      if(strcmp(cpt,"all")==0 || strcmp(cpt,"disc")==0 
         || strcmp(cpt,"disk")==0) {
        skin->do_blank= 1;
        skin->blank_fast= 0;
+       blank_mode= "all";
      } else if(strcmp(cpt,"fast")==0 || strcmp(cpt,"minimal")==0) { 
        skin->do_blank= 1;
        skin->blank_fast= 1;
+       blank_mode= "fast";
+     } else if(strcmp(cpt,"format_overwrite")==0) { 
+       skin->do_blank= 1;
+       skin->blank_format_type= 1;
+     } else if(strcmp(cpt,"format_sequential")==0) { 
+       skin->do_blank= 1;
+       skin->blank_format_type= 2;
      } else if(strcmp(cpt,"help")==0) { 
        /* is handled in Cdrpreskin_setup() */;
+ continue;
      } else { 
        fprintf(stderr,"cdrskin: FATAL : blank option '%s' not supported yet\n",
                       cpt);
        return(0);
      }
      if(skin->verbosity>=Cdrskin_verbose_cmD)
-       printf("cdrskin: blank mode : blank=%s\n",
+       printf("cdrskin: blank mode : blank=%s\n",blank_mode);
-            (skin->blank_fast?"fast":"all"));
 
    } else if(strcmp(argv[i],"--bragg_with_audio")==0) {
      /* OBSOLETE 0.2.3 : was handled in Cdrpreskin_setup() */;

cdrskin/cdrskin_eng.html

@@ -231,6 +231,7 @@ Enhancements towards previous stable version cdrskin-0.2.4:
 <LI>Detailed man page (already backported to cdrskin-0.2.6.pl02)</LI>
 <LI>Burning to DVD+RW as non-multi, non-appending, single-track session</LI>
 <LI>Emulation of new wodim option msifile=path</LI>
+<LI>Formatting and then burning to DVD-RW like to DVD+RW</LI>
 </UL>
 </DD>
 <DD>&nbsp;</DD>

cdrskin/cdrskin_timestamp.h

@@ -1 +1 @@
-#define Cdrskin_timestamP "2007.01.01.170824"
+#define Cdrskin_timestamP "2007.01.01.171725"

cdrskin/wiki_plain.txt

@@ -23,8 +23,10 @@ Appending sessions to an unclosed CD is restricted to write mode TAO.
 (Users who have a burner which succeeds with a follow-up session via
 cdrecord -sao : please contact us.)
 
-cdrskin does not provide DVD burning yet. See advise to use dvd+rw-tools
+The development version of cdrskin is able to burn a single track to DVD+RW
-at the end of this text.
+or DVD-RW media.
+For other DVD types and for appending sessions to ISO filesystems see the
+advise to use dvd+rw-tools at the end of this text.
 
 --------------------------------------------------------------------------
 
@@ -191,12 +193,9 @@ They are not compatible or related to cdrecord resp. cdrecord-ProDVD
 (now obsoleted by original source cdrtools cdrecord with identical
 capabilities besides the license key).
 
-If there is sincere and well motivated interest, the cdrskin project could try
+libburn and thus the cdrskin project are currently aquiring own capabilities
-to employ growisofs as DVD burning engine. The cdrskin project would prefer to
+to burn to DVD media. For now restricted to DVD+RW and DVD-RW and to single
-wait for DVD support being included in libburn, though.
+tracks.
-A very limited and specialized cdrecord-compatibility wrapper for growisofs
-serves in my project scdbackup. It is not overly hard to make one that serves
-some very few fixed use cases.
 
 To my knowledge, Linux kernels 2.6 do write to DVD+RW via block devices as
 they would write to a traditional tape device. Try old tape archiver