Overhauled description of media types, states and expansion methods
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@ -61,6 +61,8 @@ Provides navigation commands for interactive ISO image manipulation.
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.br
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Session model
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.br
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Media types and states
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.br
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Creating, Growing, Modifying
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.br
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Libburn drives
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@ -97,26 +99,25 @@ This session usually contains an updated directory tree for the whole media
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which governs the data contents in all recorded sessions.
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So in the view of the mount program all sessions of a particular media
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together form a single filesystem image.
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.br
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Adding a session to an existing ISO image is in this text referred as
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\fBgrowing\fR.
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.br
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The multi-session model of the MMC standard does not apply to all all media
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types. But program growisofs by Andy Polyakov showed how to extend this
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functionality to overwriteable media or disk files which carry valid ISO 9660
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filesystems. This expansion method is referred as as emulated growing.
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.PP
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The multi-session model of the MMC standard applies to CD-R[W], to DVD-R, to
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certain states of DVD-RW, and to DVD+R. But it does not apply to overwriteable
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MMC media like DVD-RAM, DVD+RW, formatted DVD-RW, and of course not to disk
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files or non-CD/DVD block devices.
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.br
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Program growisofs by Andy Polyakov showed how to extend this functionality
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to overwriteable media or disk files which carry valid ISO 9660 filesystems.
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These two expansion methods are referred as \fBgrowing\fR in this text.
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.br
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xorriso provides both ways of growing as well as an own method named
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\fBmodifying\fR which produces a completely new ISO image from the old
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one and the modifications. See next paragraph for details.
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one and the modifications. See paragraph Creating, Growing, Modifying below.
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.PP
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xorriso adopts the concept of multi-session by loading an eventual image
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directory tree, allowing to manipulate it by several actions, and to write
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the new image to the target media.
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.br
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The first session of a xorriso run begins by the definition of the input
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drive with the eventual ISO image or by the definition of an output file.
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drive with the eventual ISO image or by the definition of an output drive.
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The session ends by command -commit which triggers writing. A -commit is
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done automatically when the program ends regularly.
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.PP
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@ -132,14 +133,58 @@ session.
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In some special situations (e.g. in a file-to-file situation) it can be
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useful to store intermediate states and to continue with image manipulations.
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.SS
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.B Creating, Growing, Modifying
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.B Media types and states:
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There are two families of media in the MMC standard:
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.br
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\fBMulti-session\fR media are CD-R, CD-RW, DVD-R, DVD+R, and
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unformatted DVD-RW. These media provide a table of content which
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describes their existing sessions.
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.br
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\fBOverwriteable\fR media are DVD-RAM, DVD+RW, and formatted DVD-RW.
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They allow random write access but do not provide information about their
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session history.
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.br
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DVD-RW media can be formatted by -format full.
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They can be made unformatted by -blank deformat.
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.br
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Emulated drives are handled as overwriteable media if they are random
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read-write accessible. If they are only sequentially writeable then
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they are handled as blank multi-session media.
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.PP
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These media can assume several states in which they offer different
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capabilities.
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.br
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\fBBlank\fR media can be written from scratch. They contain no ISO image
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suitable for xorriso.
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.br
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Blank is the state of newly purchased optical media.
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With used CD-RW and DVD-RW it can be achieved by action -blank fast.
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Overwriteable media are considered blank unless they contain an ISO image
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suitable for xorriso.
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.br
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\fBAppendable\fR media accept further sessions. Either they are MMC
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multi-session media in appendable state, or they are overwriteable media
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which contain an ISO image suitable for xorriso.
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.br
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Appendable is the state after writing a session with option -close off.
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.br
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\fBClosed\fR media cannot be written. They may contain an ISO image suitable
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for xorriso.
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.br
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Closed is the state of DVD-ROM media and of multi-session media which were
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written with option -close on. If the drive is incapable of writing it will
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probably show any media as closed CD-ROM resp. DVD-ROM.
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.br
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Overwriteable media assume this state only in such read-only drives.
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.SS
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.B Creating, Growing, Modifying:
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.br
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A new empty ISO image gets created if there is no input drive with a valid
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ISO 9660 image plus Rock Ridge extensions when the first time an output drive
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is defined. This is achieved by option -dev on blank media or by option -outdev
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on media in any state.
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.br
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The new image can be populated with directories and files.
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The new empty image can be populated with directories and files.
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Before it can be written, the media in the output drive must get into
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blank state if it was not blank already.
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.PP
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@ -171,9 +216,9 @@ filesystem objects as source and/or target media.
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.SS
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.B Libburn drives:
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.br
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Input drive, i.e. source of an existing ISO image, can be any random access
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readable libburn drive: optical media with readable data, regular files,
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block devices.
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Input drive, i.e. source of an existing or empty ISO image, can be any random
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access readable libburn drive: optical media with readable data or blank,
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regular files, block devices.
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.br
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Rock Ridge info must be present in existing ISO images and it will be generated
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by the program unconditionally.
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@ -259,7 +304,8 @@ Be aware that the interaction of quotation marks and pattern symbols like "*"
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differs from the usual shell parsers. In xorriso, a quotation mark does not
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make a pattern symbol literal.
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.PP
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When the program begins then it first looks for its startup files and
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When the program begins then it first looks for argument -no_rc. If this is
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not present then it looks for its startup files and
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eventually reads their content as command input lines. Then it interprets
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the program arguments as commands and parameters and finally it enters
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dialog mode if command -dialog "on" was executed up to then.
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@ -273,6 +319,11 @@ event which triggers the threshold of command -abort_on.
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Options marked with prefix '>' are not implemented yet.
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.br
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Options with prefix '?' are not tested yet.
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.br
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All command words are shown with a leading dash although this dash is not
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mandatory for the option to be recognized. There may be future emulation
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modes, where dashes may become mandatory in order to distinguish options
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from file addresses.
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.TP
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.B Aquiring source and target drive:
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.TP
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@ -290,7 +341,7 @@ without aquiring a new one.
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.TP
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\fB\-indev\fR address
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Set input drive and load eventual ISO image. If the new input drive differs
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from outdev then switch from growing to modifying. The same rules and
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from -outdev then switch from growing to modifying. The same rules and
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restrictions apply as with -dev.
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.TP
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\fB\-outdev\fR address
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@ -307,7 +358,7 @@ An empty address string gives up the current output drive
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without aquiring a new one. No writing is possible without an output drive.
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.TP
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\fB\-ban_stdio_write\fR
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Allow for writing only the usage of optical drives. Disallow
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Allow for writing only the usage of MMC optical drives. Disallow
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to write the result into files of nearly arbitrary type.
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Once set, this command cannot be revoked.
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.TP
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@ -930,7 +981,7 @@ made ready for being overwritten and the loaded ISO image is made empty.
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In order to be able to eject the media, the session needs to be committed
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explicitely.
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.br
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\fB$\fR xorriso -graft-points -dialog on -page 20 80
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.B $ xorriso -graft-points -dialog on -page 20 80
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.br
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enter option and arguments :
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.br
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@ -966,7 +1017,7 @@ Load image from drive.
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Remove (i.e. hide) directory /sounds and its subordinates.
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Rename directory /pictures/confidential to /pictures/restricted.
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Change access permissions of directory /pictures/restricted.
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Add new directory trees /sounds and /movies. Burn to the same DVD and eject.
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Add new directory trees /sounds and /movies. Burn to the same media and eject.
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.br
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\fB$\fR xorriso -dev /dev/sr2 \\
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-rm_r /sounds -- \\
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