Fixed spelling errors found by fossies.org with codespell
This commit is contained in:
@ -50,7 +50,7 @@
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@c man .\" First parameter, NAME, should be all caps
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@c man .\" Second parameter, SECTION, should be 1-8, maybe w/ subsection
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@c man .\" other parameters are allowed: see man(7), man(1)
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@c man .TH XORRISO 1 "Version 1.5.3, Oct 27, 2019"
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@c man .TH XORRISO 1 "Version 1.5.3, Oct 28, 2019"
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@c man .\" Please adjust this date whenever revising the manpage.
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@c man .\"
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@c man .\" Some roff macros, for reference:
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@ -168,7 +168,7 @@ Can check media for damages and copy readable blocks to disk.
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@*
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Can attach MD5 checksums to each data file and the whole session.
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@*
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Scans for optical drives, blanks re-useable optical media.
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Scans for optical drives, blanks re-usable optical media.
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@*
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Reads its instructions from command line arguments, dialog, and files.
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@*
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@ -241,7 +241,7 @@ Adding a session to an existing ISO image is in this text referred as
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@*
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The multi-session model of the MMC standard does not apply to all media
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types. But program growisofs by Andy Polyakov showed how to extend this
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functionality to overwriteable media or disk files which carry valid ISO 9660
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functionality to overwritable media or disk files which carry valid ISO 9660
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filesystems.
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@c man .PP
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@sp 1
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@ -287,8 +287,8 @@ Similar to multi-session media are DVD-R DL and minimally blanked DVD-RW.
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They record only a single session of which the size must be known in advance.
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@command{xorriso} will write onto them only if command -close is set to "on".
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@*
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@cindex Overwriteable media, _definition
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@strong{Overwriteable media} are DVD-RAM, DVD+RW, BD-RE, and formatted DVD-RW.
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@cindex Overwritable media, _definition
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@strong{Overwritable media} are DVD-RAM, DVD+RW, BD-RE, and formatted DVD-RW.
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They offer random write access but do not provide information about their
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session history. If they contain one or more ISO 9660 sessions and if the
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first session was written by @command{xorriso}, then a table of content can
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@ -297,7 +297,7 @@ be emulated. Else only a single overall session will be visible.
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DVD-RW media can be formatted by -format "full".
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They can be made unformatted by -blank "deformat".
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@*
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Regular files and block devices are handled as overwriteable media.
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Regular files and block devices are handled as overwritable media.
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Pipes and other writeable file types are handled as blank multi-session media.
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@c man .PP
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@sp 1
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@ -311,15 +311,15 @@ suitable for @command{xorriso}.
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@*
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Blank is the state of newly purchased optical media.
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With used CD-RW and DVD-RW it can be achieved by action -blank "as_needed".
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Overwriteable media are considered blank if they are new or if they have
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Overwritable media are considered blank if they are new or if they have
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been marked as blank by @command{xorriso}.
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Action -blank "as_needed" can be used to do this marking on overwriteable
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Action -blank "as_needed" can be used to do this marking on overwritable
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media, or to apply mandatory formatting to new media if necessary.
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@*
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@sp 1
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@cindex Appendable media, _definition
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@strong{Appendable} media accept further sessions. Either they are MMC
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multi-session media in appendable state, or they are overwriteable media
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multi-session media in appendable state, or they are overwritable media
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which contain an ISO image suitable for @command{xorriso}.
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@*
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Appendable is the state after writing a session with command -close off.
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@ -333,7 +333,7 @@ Closed is the state of DVD-ROM media and of multi-session media which were
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written with command -close on. If the drive is read-only hardware then it will
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probably show any media as closed CD-ROM or DVD-ROM.
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@*
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Overwriteable media assume this state in such read-only drives or if they
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Overwritable media assume this state in such read-only drives or if they
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contain unrecognizable data in the first 32 data blocks.
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@*
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Read-only drives may or may not show session histories of multi-session
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@ -418,7 +418,7 @@ of modifying and blind growing. They all are suitable for newly created images.
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@sp 1
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All drive file objects have to offer rw-permission to the user of
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@command{xorriso}.
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Even those which will not be useable for reading an ISO image.
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Even those which will not be usable for reading an ISO image.
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@*
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@cindex LBA, _definition
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With any type of drive object, the data are considered to be organized in
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@ -555,7 +555,7 @@ hard-disk-like media. Several options install a @strong{MBR}
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intended boot firmware and the involved boot loaders, e.g. GRUB2 or ISOLINUX.
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A MBR contains boot code and a partition table.
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The new MBR of a follow-up session can get in effect
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only on overwriteable media.
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only on overwritable media.
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@*
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MBR is read by PC-BIOS when booting from USB stick or hard disk,
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and by PowerPC CHRP or PReP when booting.
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@ -989,7 +989,7 @@ If you decide so, consider to put the command into a global startup file like
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/etc/opt/xorriso/rc.
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@c man .TP
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@item -grow_blindly "off"|predicted_nwa
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@kindex -grow_blindly overides next writeable address
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@kindex -grow_blindly overrides next writeable address
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@cindex Next writeable address, -grow_blindly
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If predicted_nwa is a non-negative number then perform blind growing rather
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than modifying if -indev and -outdev are set to different drives.
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@ -1375,7 +1375,7 @@ Else just avoid names longer than 253 characters.
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Read-only drives do not tell the actual media type but show any media as
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ROM (e.g. as DVD-ROM). The session history of MMC multi-session media might
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be truncated to first and last session or even be completely false.
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(The emulated history of overwriteable media is not affected by this.)
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(The emulated history of overwritable media is not affected by this.)
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@*
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To have in case of failure a chance of getting the session history and
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especially the address of the last session, there is a scan for ISO 9660
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@ -1389,11 +1389,11 @@ multi-session DVD or BD. If on such a system @command{xorriso} has no own MMC
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capabilities then it may still find that session from a scanned table of
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content. Setting "force" handles any media like a ROM medium with setting "on".
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@*
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On the other hand the emulation of session history on overwriteable media
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On the other hand the emulation of session history on overwritable media
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can hamper reading of partly damaged media. Setting "off:emul_off" disables
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the elsewise trustworthy table-of-content scan for those media.
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@*
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The table-of-content scan on overwriteable media normally searches only up to
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The table-of-content scan on overwritable media normally searches only up to
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the end of the session that is pointed to by the superblock at block 0.
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Setting "on:emul_wide" lets the scan continue up to the end of the medium.
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This may be useful after copying a medium with -check_media patch_lba0=on
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@ -1428,7 +1428,7 @@ effective access permissions. This implies to try opening those files for
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writing, which otherwise will happen only later and only if actual
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writing is desired.
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@*
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The test result is used for classifying the pseudo drives as overwriteable,
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The test result is used for classifying the pseudo drives as overwritable,
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read-only, write-only, or uselessly empty. This may lead to earlier detection
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of severe problems, and may avoid some less severe error events.
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@*
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@ -2979,16 +2979,16 @@ then this command leads to a FAILURE event.
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Defined modes are:
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as_needed, fast, all, deformat, deformat_quickest
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@*
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"as_needed" cares for used CD-RW, DVD-RW and for used overwriteable media
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"as_needed" cares for used CD-RW, DVD-RW and for used overwritable media
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by applying -blank "fast". It applies -format "full" to yet unformatted
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DVD-RAM and BD-RE. Other media in blank state are gracefully ignored.
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Media which cannot be made ready for writing from scratch cause a FAILURE
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event.
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@*
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"fast" makes CD-RW and unformatted DVD-RW re-usable, or invalidates
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overwriteable ISO images. "all" might work more thoroughly and need more time.
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overwritable ISO images. "all" might work more thoroughly and need more time.
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@*
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"deformat" converts overwriteable DVD-RW into unformatted ones.
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"deformat" converts overwritable DVD-RW into unformatted ones.
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@*
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"deformat_quickest" is a faster way to deformat or blank DVD-RW
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but produces media which are only suitable for a single session.
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@ -3010,7 +3010,7 @@ Blanking will nevertheless only succeed if the drive is willing to do it.
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@item -format mode
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@kindex -format formats media
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@cindex Media, format, -format
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Convert unformatted DVD-RW into overwriteable ones, "de-ice" DVD+RW, format
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Convert unformatted DVD-RW into overwritable ones, "de-ice" DVD+RW, format
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newly purchased BD-RE or BD-R, re-format DVD-RAM or BD-RE.
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@*
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Defined modes are:
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@ -3290,7 +3290,7 @@ Default is "old_rr" which uses Rock Ridge version 1.10. This implies also
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"aaip_susp_1_10" allows AAIP to be written as unofficial extension of RRIP
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rather than as official extension under SUSP-1.12.
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@*
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"no_emul_toc" saves 64 kB with the first session on overwriteable media
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"no_emul_toc" saves 64 kB with the first session on overwritable media
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but makes the image incapable of displaying its session history.
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@*
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"iso_9660_1999" causes the production of an additional directory tree
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@ -3737,7 +3737,7 @@ The same effect is achieved by -padding mode "included".
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@c man .PP
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Contrary to published specifications many BIOSes will load an El Torito
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record from the first session on media and not from the last one, which
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gets mounted by default. This makes no problems with overwriteable media,
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gets mounted by default. This makes no problems with overwritable media,
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because they appear to inadverted readers as one single session.
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@*
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But with multi-session media CD-R[W], DVD-R[W], DVD+R, it implies that the
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@ -3749,7 +3749,7 @@ If a boot image from ISOLINUX or GRUB is known to be present on media then
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it is advised to patch it
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when a follow-up session gets written. But one should not rely on the
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capability to influence the bootability of the existing sessions, unless one
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can assume overwriteable media.
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can assume overwritable media.
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@*
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Normally the boot images are data files inside the ISO filesystem. By
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special path "--interval:appended_partition_NNN:all::" it is possible to
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@ -4798,9 +4798,9 @@ Precedence is: "dvdrw", "cdrw", "dvd", "cdrom", "cd".
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Show media specific tables of content. This is the session history
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of the medium, not the ISO image directory tree.
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@*
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In case of overwriteable media holding a valid ISO image, it may happen that
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In case of overwritable media holding a valid ISO image, it may happen that
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only a single session gets shown. But if the first session on the
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overwriteable media was written by @command{xorriso} then a complete
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overwritable media was written by @command{xorriso} then a complete
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session history can be emulated.
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@*
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A drive which is incapable of writing may show any media as CD-ROM or DVD-ROM
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@ -5771,7 +5771,7 @@ same name and hardcoded parameter "on", e.g. -acl "on".
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Explicit parameters are expected by @minus{}@minus{}stdio_sync
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and @minus{}@minus{}scdbackup_tag.
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@*
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The capability to preserve multi-session history on overwriteable media
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The capability to preserve multi-session history on overwritable media
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gets disabled by default. It can be enabled by using @minus{}@minus{}emul-toc
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with the first session. See -compliance no_emul_toc.
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@*
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@ -5847,7 +5847,7 @@ It ignores most other options of cdrecord and cdrskin but refuses on
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-audio, -scanbus, and on blanking modes unknown to @command{xorriso}.
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@*
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The scope is only a single data track per session to be written
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to blank, overwriteable, or appendable media. The medium gets closed if
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to blank, overwritable, or appendable media. The medium gets closed if
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closing is applicable and not option -multi is present.
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@*
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If an input drive was acquired, then it is given up.
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@ -5860,7 +5860,7 @@ If a track source is given, then an automatic -commit happens at the end of
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the "cdrecord" option list.
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@*
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@minus{}@minus{}grow_overwriteable_iso
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enables emulation of multi-session on overwriteable
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enables emulation of multi-session on overwritable
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media. To enable emulation of a TOC, the first session needs -C 0,32 with
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-as mkisofs (but no -M) and @minus{}@minus{}grow_overwriteable_iso
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write_start_address=32s with -as cdrecord.
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@ -6845,7 +6845,7 @@ If this does not help, insert a run of "sleep 10" between xorriso and dd.
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This example works for multi-session media only.
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Add cdrskin option @minus{}@minus{}grow_overwriteable_iso
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to all -as cdrecord runs
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in order to enable multi-session emulation on overwriteable media.
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in order to enable multi-session emulation on overwritable media.
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@c man .SS
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@c man .B Let xorriso work underneath growisofs
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@node ExGrowisofs, ExException, ExMkisofs, Examples
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@ -6884,7 +6884,7 @@ $ growisofs -M /dev/dvd @minus{}@minus{} outdev - -update_r /my/files /files
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@*
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@sp 1
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growisofs has excellent burn capabilities with DVD and BD.
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It does not emulate session history on overwriteable media, though.
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It does not emulate session history on overwritable media, though.
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@c man .SS
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@c man .B Adjust thresholds for verbosity, exit value and program abort
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@node ExException, ExTime, ExGrowisofs, Examples
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@ -7021,7 +7021,7 @@ it is possible to access the session trees which represent the older backup
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versions. With CD media, GNU/Linux mount accepts session numbers directly by
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its option "session=".
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@*
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Multi-session media and most overwriteable media written by @command{xorriso}
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Multi-session media and most overwritable media written by @command{xorriso}
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can tell the sbsectors of their sessions by @command{xorriso} command -toc.
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Used after -commit the following command prints the matching mount command for
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the newly written session (here for mount point /mnt):
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