1098 lines
41 KiB
Plaintext
1098 lines
41 KiB
Plaintext
\input texinfo @c -*-texinfo-*-
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@c %**start of header
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@setfilename xorrecord.info
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@settitle GNU xorrecord 1.3.4
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@c %**end of header
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@c
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@c man-ignore-lines begin
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@dircategory Archiving
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@direntry
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* Xorrecord: (xorrecord). Emulates CD/DVD/BD program cdrecord
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@end direntry
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@c man-ignore-lines end
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@c
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@c Notes about embedded man page:
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@c This texinfo code contains the necessary info to produce a man page
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@c which resembles much the version of xorriso.1 from which this code
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@c was originally derived in march 2010.
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@c One can produce the man page by applying the following rules:
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@c The first line gets discarded.
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@c Line start "@c man " will become "", the remainder is put out unaltered.
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@c Lines "@*" will be converted to ".br"
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@c "@c man-ignore-lines N" will discard N following lines.
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@c "@c man-ignore-lines begin" discards all following lines
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@c up to "@c man-ignore-lines end".
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@c Line blocks of "@menu" "@end menu" will be discarded.
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@c "@item word words" becomes "\fBword\fR words".
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@c @b{...}, @command{...}, @dfn{...}, @emph{...}, @strong{...}
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@c get mapped to \fB...\fR .
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@c @abbr{...}, @code{...}, @file{...}, @i{...}, @option{...}, @r{...},
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@c @ref{...}, @samp{...},@var{...}, get mapped to ... .
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@c @ref{...}, @xref{...} get mapped to empty text.
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@c @email{...} gets mapped to <...> .
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@c Mapped {...} content is subject to the rules except {...} mapping.
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@c @minus{} will become "-".
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@c @@ , @{, @} will get stripped of their first @.
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@c Other lines which begin by "@" will be discarded.
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@c In lines not stemming from "@c man", "\" becomes "\\"
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@c "-" which are not preceded by an uneven number of "\" will get
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@c prepended one "\".
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@c
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@c
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@c man .\" Hey, EMACS: -*- nroff -*-
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@c man .\"
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@c man .\" IMPORTANT NOTE:
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@c man .\"
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@c man .\" The original of this file is kept in xorriso/xorrecord.texi
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@c man .\" This here was generated by program xorriso/make_xorriso_1
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@c man .\"
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@c man .\"
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@c man .\" First parameter, NAME, should be all caps
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@c man .\" Second parameter, SECTION, should be 1-8, maybe w/ subsection
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@c man .\" other parameters are allowed: see man(7), man(1)
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@c man .TH XORRECORD 1 "Version 1.3.4, Dec 12, 2013"
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@c man .\" Please adjust this date whenever revising the manpage.
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@c man .\"
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@c man .\" Some roff macros, for reference:
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@c man .\" .nh disable hyphenation
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@c man .\" .hy enable hyphenation
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@c man .\" .ad l left justify
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@c man .\" .ad b justify to both left and right margins
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@c man .\" .nf disable filling
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@c man .\" .fi enable filling
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@c man .\" .br insert line break
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@c man .\" .sp <n> insert n+1 empty lines
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@c man .\" for manpage-specific macros, see man(7)
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@c man .nh
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@c man-ignore-lines begin
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@copying
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xorrecord - Emulation of CD/DVD/BD program cdrecord by program xorriso
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Copyright @copyright{} 2011 - 2013 Thomas Schmitt
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@quotation
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Permission is granted to distrubute this text freely.
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@end quotation
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@end copying
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@c man-ignore-lines end
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@titlepage
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@title Manual of GNU xorriso personality xorrecord 1.3.4
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@author Thomas Schmitt
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@page
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@vskip 0pt plus 1filll
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@insertcopying
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@end titlepage
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@contents
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@ifnottex
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@node Top
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@top xorrecord 1.3.4
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@c man-ignore-lines 1
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@c man .SH NAME
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xorrecord - Emulation of CD/DVD/BD program cdrecord by program xorriso
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@end ifnottex
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@menu
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* Overview:: Overview
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* Standards:: MMC, Session, Track, Media types
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* Drive:: Drive preparation and addressing
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* Xorriso:: Relation to program xorriso
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* Options:: Options
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* Examples:: Examples
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* Files:: Files
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* Seealso:: See also
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* Bugreport:: Reporting bugs
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* Legal:: Author, Copyright, Credits
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* CommandIdx:: Alphabetic Command List
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* ConceptIdx:: Alphabetic List of Concepts and Objects
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@end menu
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@node Overview, Standards, Top, Top
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@chapter Overview
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@c man .SH SYNOPSIS
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@c man .B xorrecord
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@c man [ options ] dev=device [track_source]
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@c man .br
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@c man .SH DESCRIPTION
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@c man .PP
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@command{xorrecord}
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writes preformatted data to CD, DVD, and BD media.
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@*
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@sp 1
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@c man .PP
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It understands some options of program cdrecord from cdrtools by
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Joerg Schilling.
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Its implementation is part of program xorriso which shares no source
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code with cdrtools, but rather makes use of libburn for communicating
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with the drive.
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@*
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@sp 1
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Another, more complete cdrecord emulator is program @strong{cdrskin}
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which uses the same burn functions as @strong{xorrecord}, but is able
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to burn audio CDs and to handle CD-TEXT.
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@c man .SS
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@node Standards, Drive, Overview, Top
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@chapter MMC, Session, Track, Media types
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@c man \fBMMC, Session, Track, Media types:\fR
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@c man .br
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@cindex MMC, _definiton
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@strong{MMC}
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is a standard out of the SCSI family which defines the interaction between
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computers and optical drives. Since more than a decade all CD, DVD, or BD
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recorders obey this standard regardless by what bus cabling they are
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attached to the computer. libburn relies on this standard compliance and
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on the capability of the operating system to perform SCSI transactions
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over the particular bus cabling.
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@*
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@cindex Session, _definiton
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A @strong{Session} is a data region on an optical disc which usually
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gets written in a single sweep. It contains at least one
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@cindex Track, _definiton
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@strong{Track} which is a contiguous string of readable blocks.
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@command{xorrecord} produces a single session with a single data track
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which consists of blocks with 2048 bytes each. It chooses the write mode
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automatically according to media type, medium state, and option -multi.
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@*
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On CD media there are other track types, like audio, and particular write
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modes like TAO and SAO. CD and DVD- media can put more than one track into
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a session. Some of these features can be addressed by program @strong{cdrskin}.
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@*
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@sp 1
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@cindex Media types, _definiton
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MMC describes several recordable @strong{media types} which roughly form two
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families.
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@*
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@cindex Sequentially recordable media, _definiton
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@strong{Sequentially recordable media}
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are CD-R, CD-RW, DVD-R, DVD-R DL, DVD-RW, DVD+R, DVD+R DL, BD-R.
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Except DVD-R DL they can store more than one session if there is still
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unwritten space and if the previous session was written with option
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@strong{-multi}. CD-RW and DVD-RW can be blanked in order to be re-usable
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from scratch.
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@*
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@cindex Overwritable media, _definiton
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@strong{Overwritable media} are DVD-RAM, DVD+RW, formatted DVD-RW, BD-RE.
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They offer a single session with a single track for random access writing.
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There is no need to blank overwritable media before re-use.
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@*
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DVD-RW media are sold in sequentially recordable state but can be
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formatted once to become overwritable. See options
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@strong{blank=format_overwrite} and @strong{blank=deformat}.
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@*
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If ISO 9660 filesystems are to be stored on overwritable media, then it
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is possible to emulate multiple sessions, by using option
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@strong{--grow_overwriteable_iso}. In this case, the need for
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blanking before re-use is emulated too.
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@c man .SS
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@sp 1
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@c man .B Drive preparation and addressing:
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@node Drive, Xorriso, Standards, Top
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@chapter Drive preparation and addressing
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@c man .PP
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The drives, CD, DVD, or BD burners, are accessed via file addresses which
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are specific to libburn and the operating system. Those addresses get listed
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by a run of @command{xorrecord --devices} or @command{xorriso -device_links}.
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@*
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On GNU/Linux and FreeBSD, the user needs rw-permission for the device file.
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On Solaris, the user needs r-permission and privilege "sys_devices",
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which is usually gained by running @command{xorrecord} via command pfexec.
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@*
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These permissions resp. privileges are needed already for listing a drive.
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So it might be necessary to get the overview as superuser resp. via pfexec.
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@*
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@command{xorrecord} does not perform cdrecord option -scanbus and does
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not accept the addresses of form Bus,Target,Lun which are told by -scanbus.
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If support for these addresses is necessary, consider to use program cdrskin.
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@*
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@sp 1
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It is possible to let @command{xorrecord} work on emulated drives.
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Their addresses begin by prefix "stdio:" followed by a file address.
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The emulated media behavior depends on the file type.
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See man xorriso for details.
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@*
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If standard output is chosen as emulated drive, then all program result
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texts, which usually appear on standard output, will get redirected to
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standard error.
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@c man .SS
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@node Xorriso, Options, Drive, Top
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@chapter Relation to program xorriso
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@c man \fBRelation to program xorriso:\fR
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@c man .br
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@cindex xorriso, mkisofs emulation
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@command{xorrecord} is actually a command mode of program @strong{xorriso},
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which gets entered either by xorriso command "-as cdrecord" or by
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starting the program by one of the names "xorrecord", "cdrecord",
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"wodim", or "cdrskin".
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@*
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This command mode can be left by argument "@minus{}@minus{}" which leads
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to generic xorriso command mode. See @strong{man xorriso} for its description.
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Other than in xorriso command mode, the sequence of the cdrecord emulation
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options does not matter.
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All pending actions get performed in a fixed sequence before the program
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run ends resp. before cdrecord emulation ends.
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@c man .SS
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@node Options, Examples, Xorriso, Top
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@chapter Options
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@cindex xorriso, options
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@c man .br
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@c man .SH OPTIONS
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@c man .br
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@menu
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* DriveAddr:: Drive addressing
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* Inquire:: Inquiring drive and media
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* SetBurn:: Settings for the burn run
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* Verbous:: Program version and verbosity
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* NonCdrecord:: Options not compatible to cdrecord
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@end menu
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@c man .PP
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@c man .TP
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@c man .B Addressing the drive:
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@node DriveAddr, Inquire, Options, Options
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@section Addressing the drive
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@table @asis
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@sp 1
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@c man .TP
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@item @minus{}@minus{}devices
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@kindex @minus{}@minus{}devices get list of drives
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@cindex Drive, get list of, @minus{}@minus{}devices
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Print the list of accessible CD, DVD, or BD drives to standard output.
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Drives might be inaccessible if the user lacks of permissions to use them
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or if the drive is in use by another program.
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@*
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|
Each accessible drive is shown by a line like:
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@*
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|
0 -dev '/dev/sr0' rwrw-- : 'TSSTcorp' 'CDDVDW SH-S203B'
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@*
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|
The libburn address of this drive is '/dev/sr0'. 'TSSTcorp' is the
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name of the vendor (in this case: Toshiba Samsung Storage Technologies
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Corporation), 'CDDVDW SH-S203B' is the model name (in this case: a DVD burner).
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@*
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Afterwards end emulation without performing any further drive operation.
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@c man .TP
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@item dev=drive_address
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@kindex dev= address the drive to be used
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@cindex Drive, address, dev=
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Set the libburn address of the drive to be used.
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@*
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E.g. on GNU/Linux: dev=/dev/sr0
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@*
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|
E.g. on FreeBSD: dev=/dev/cd0
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@*
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E.g. on Solaris: dev=/dev/rdsk/c2t2d0s2
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@*
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See also above "Drive preparation and addressing".
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@*
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The medium in the drive should not be mounted or be otherwise in use.
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@*
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|
This option will only get into effect if a track source, a blank= option,
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or a drive inquiry option is given. Else it will lead to a SORRY event
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and normally cause a non-zero exit value.
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@end table
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@c man .TP
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@c man .B Inquiring drive and media:
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@node Inquire, SetBurn, DriveAddr, Options
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@section Inquiring drive and media
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@table @asis
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@sp 1
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@c man .TP
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@item -inq
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@kindex -inq inquire drive identifiers
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@cindex Drive, inquire identifiers, -inq
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Print to standard output: vendor, model name, and firmware revision
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of the drive.
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@c man .TP
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@item -checkdrive
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@kindex -checkdrive inquire drive CD capabilities
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@cindex Drive, inquire CD capabilities, -checkdrive
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Print unconditionally that the drive supports burnfree, SAO, and TAO.
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|
Also print the output of option -inq.
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@c man .TP
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@item -atip
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@kindex -atip inquire medium state
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@cindex medium state, inquire, -atip
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|
Print the output of -checkdrive, the most capable profile of the medium
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in the drive, the list of profiles which are supported by the drive,
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whether it is erasable (i.e. can be blanked), the media manufacturer, and
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the medium product name.
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@*
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Profiles are usage models, which are often tied to a particular media type
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(e.g. CD-RW), but may also apply to a family of media. E.g. profile CD-ROM
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applies to all CD media which contain data.
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@c man .TP
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@item -toc
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@kindex -toc inquire medium content
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@cindex medium content, inquire, -toc
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Print a table of content of the medium in the drive. The output is not
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compatible to
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cdrecord option -toc, but rather the one of @command{xorriso} command -toc.
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It lists the address, vendor, model name, and firmware revision of the drive.
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@*
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About the medium it tells product name and manufacturer, whether there
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is already content written, and if so, whether the medium is closed or
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appendable. Appendable media can take another session.
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The amount of readable and writable data is told.
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If there are sessions, then their start block address and size is reported.
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If a session contains an ISO 9660 filesystem, then its Volume Id is reported.
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If the medium is writable, then the next writable block address is reported.
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@*
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|
If not option @strong{--grow_overwriteable_iso} is given or no ISO 9660
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file system is present on the medium, then overwritable media are reported
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|
as being blank. This is due to the fact that they can be written from
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|
scratch without further preparation, and that MMC does not distinguish
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|
between data written by the most previous burn run and older data
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|
which have not been overwritten by that burn run.
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Consequently, these media are reported with 0 readable blocks, although
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all their writable blocks normally are readable, too.
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@c man .TP
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|
@item -msinfo
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@kindex -msinfo retrieve multi-session info
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|
@cindex multi-session info, retrieve, -msinfo
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|
Print the argument text for option -C of programs mkisofs, genisoimage,
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|
or xorrisofs. It consists of two numbers separated by a comma.
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|
@*
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|
The first number tells the first block of the first track of the last recorded
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|
session. This is also the address used by default when operating systems
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mount a medium with e.g. ISO 9660 filesystem.
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|
@*
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The second number tells the next writable address, where @command{xorrecord}
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|
will begin to write the next session.
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|
@*
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|
This option is only valid for written, appendable media. In all other
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|
cases it will yield no output text but will abort the program
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|
with non-zero exit value.
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|
@end table
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|
@c man .TP
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|
@c man .B Settings for the burn run:
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|
@node SetBurn, Verbous, Inquire, Options
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|
@section Settings for the burn run
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|
@table @asis
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|
@c man .PP
|
|
A burn run requires exactly one track source address argument, which
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|
tells from where to read the data wich shall be put into the upcomming
|
|
session. The medium state must be either blank or appendable.
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|
@*
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|
Track source may be "-" for standard input or the address of a readable
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|
file of any type except directories. Nearly all media types accept a track
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|
source with unpredictable byte count, like standard input or named pipes.
|
|
Nevertheless, DVD-R DL and DVD-RW blanked by mode deformat_quickest
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|
demand exact in-advance reservation of the track size, so that they either
|
|
need to be read from a source of
|
|
predictable length, or need to be accompanied by option @strong{tsize=} or
|
|
by option @strong{-isosize}.
|
|
@*
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|
Several options expect a size value as argument. A number with a trailing
|
|
letter "b" or without a trailing letter is a plain byte count. Other trailing
|
|
letters cause multiplication of the given number by a scaling factor:
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|
@*
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|
"k" or "K" = 1024 , "m" or "M" = 1024k , "g" or "G" = 1024m , "s" or "S" = 2048
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|
@*
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|
E.g. tsize=234567s means a size of 234567 * 2048 = 480393216 bytes.
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|
@sp 1
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|
@c man .TP
|
|
@item blank=mode
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|
@kindex blank= make media re-usabable or format media
|
|
@cindex Media, blank, blank=
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|
@cindex Media, make re-usable, blank=
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|
@cindex Media, format, blank=
|
|
Blank a CD-RW or DVD-RW to make it re-usable from scratch.
|
|
Format a DVD-RW, DVD+RW, DVD-RAM, BD-R, or BD-RE if not yet formatted.
|
|
@*
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|
This operation normally makes any recorded data on the medium unreadable.
|
|
It is combinable with burning in the same run of @command{xorrecord},
|
|
or it may be performed without a track source, leaving the medium empty.
|
|
@*
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|
The mode given with blank= selects the particular behavior:
|
|
@c man .RS
|
|
@c man .TP
|
|
@*
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|
@sp 1
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|
as_needed
|
|
@*
|
|
Try to make the media ready for writing from scratch. If it needs formatting,
|
|
then format it. If it is not blank, then try to apply blank=fast.
|
|
It is a reason to abort if the medium cannot assume thoroughly writeable
|
|
state, e.g. if it is a non-blank write-once.
|
|
@*
|
|
This leaves unformatted DVD-RW in unformatted blank state. To format DVD-RW use
|
|
blank=format_overwrite. Blank unformatted BD-R stay unformatted.
|
|
@*
|
|
(Note: blank=as_needed is not an original cdrecord option.)
|
|
@c man .TP
|
|
@*
|
|
@sp 1
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|
all
|
|
@*
|
|
Blank an entire CD-RW or an unformatted DVD-RW.
|
|
@c man .TP
|
|
@sp 1
|
|
@*
|
|
fast
|
|
@*
|
|
Minimally blank an entire CD-RW or blank an unformatted DVD-RW.
|
|
@c man .TP
|
|
@sp 1
|
|
@*
|
|
deformat
|
|
@*
|
|
Like blank=all but with the additional ability to blank overwriteable DVD-RW.
|
|
This will destroy their formatting and make them sequentially recordable.
|
|
@*
|
|
(Note: blank=deformat is not an original cdrecord options)
|
|
@c man .TP
|
|
@sp 1
|
|
@*
|
|
deformat_quickest
|
|
@*
|
|
Like blank=deformat but blanking DVD-RW only minimally.
|
|
This is faster than full blanking but yields media incapable of
|
|
writing tracks of unpredicatable size.
|
|
Multi-session will not be possible either.
|
|
@*
|
|
(Note: blank=deformat_quickest is not an original cdrecord option.)
|
|
@c man .TP
|
|
@sp 1
|
|
@*
|
|
format_overwrite
|
|
@*
|
|
Format a DVD-RW to "Restricted Overwrite". The user should bring some patience.
|
|
@*
|
|
Format unformatted DVD+RW, BD-RE or blank BD-R to their default size.
|
|
It is not mandatory to do this with DVD+RW and BD-RE media, because they
|
|
will get formatted automatically on the first write attempt.
|
|
@*
|
|
BD-R media may be written in unformatted state. This keeps disabled the
|
|
replacement of bad blocks and enables full nominal write speed. Once BD-R
|
|
media are written, they cannot be formatted any more.
|
|
@*
|
|
For re-formatting already formatted media or for formatting with
|
|
non-default size, use program @strong{xorriso} with command @strong{-format}.
|
|
@*
|
|
(Note: blank=format_overwrite is not an original cdrecord options)
|
|
@c man .TP
|
|
@sp 1
|
|
@*
|
|
help
|
|
@*
|
|
Print a short overview of blank modes to standard error output.
|
|
@*
|
|
Afterwards end emulation without performing any drive operation.
|
|
@c man .RE
|
|
@c man .TP
|
|
@item -multi
|
|
@kindex -multi keep media appendable after burn run
|
|
@cindex Media, keep appendable, -multi
|
|
This option keeps CD, unformatted DVD-R[W], DVD+R, or BD-R appendable
|
|
after the current session has been written.
|
|
Without it the disc gets closed and may not be written any more - unless it
|
|
is a -RW and gets blanked, which causes loss of its content.
|
|
@*
|
|
This option cannot be applied to DVD-R DL or to DVD-RW which were blanked
|
|
by mode "deformat_quickest". Option --multi_if_possible
|
|
may automatically recognize and handle this situation.
|
|
@*
|
|
In order to have all filesystem content accessible, the eventual ISO-9660
|
|
filesystem of a follow-up
|
|
session needs to be prepared in a special way by the filesystem formatter
|
|
program. mkisofs, genisoimage, and xorrisofs expect particular info about
|
|
the situation which can be retrieved by @command{xorrecord} option -msinfo.
|
|
@*
|
|
With overwriteable DVD or BD media, -multi cannot mark the end of the session.
|
|
So when adding a new session, this end has to be determined from the payload.
|
|
Currently only ISO-9660 filesystems can be used that way. See option
|
|
@strong{--grow_overwriteable_iso}.
|
|
@c man .TP
|
|
@item -dummy
|
|
@kindex -dummy control write simulation
|
|
@cindex Write simulation , control, -dummy
|
|
Try to perform the drive operations without actually affecting the inserted
|
|
media. There is no warranty that this will work with a particular combination
|
|
of drive and media. Blanking is prevented reliably, though.
|
|
To avoid inadverted real burning, -dummy refuses burn runs on anything but
|
|
CD-R[W], DVD-R[W], or emulated stdio-drives.
|
|
@c man .TP
|
|
@item -waiti
|
|
@kindex -waiti access drive only after stdin delivers data
|
|
@cindex Accessing drive, wait for stdin, -waiti
|
|
Wait until input data is available at stdin or EOF occurs at stdin.
|
|
Only then begin to access any drives.
|
|
@*
|
|
One should use this if xorrisofs is working at the end of a pipe where the
|
|
feeder process reads from the drive before it starts writing its output into
|
|
xorrisofs. Example:
|
|
@*
|
|
xorrisofs ... -C 0,12800 -M /dev/sr0 ... | \
|
|
@*
|
|
xorrecord dev=/dev/sr0 ... -waiti -
|
|
@*
|
|
This option works even if standard input is not the track source. If no process
|
|
is piping in, then the Enter key of your terminal will act as trigger for
|
|
@command{xorrecord}. Note that this input line will not be consumed by
|
|
cdrskin if standard input is not the track source. It will end up as shell
|
|
command, usually.
|
|
@c man .TP
|
|
@item tsize=size
|
|
@kindex tsize= set a fixed track size
|
|
@cindex Track size, set fixed, tsize=
|
|
Announce the exact size of the track source. This is necessary with
|
|
DVD-R DL media and with quickest blanked DVD-RW, if the size cannot be
|
|
determined in advance from the track source. E.g. if it is standard input
|
|
or a named pipe.
|
|
@*
|
|
If the track source does not deliver the predicted amount of bytes, the
|
|
remainder of the track is padded with zeros. This is not considered an error.
|
|
If on the other hand the track source delivers more than the announced bytes
|
|
then the track on media gets truncated to the predicted size and xorrecord
|
|
exits with non-zero value.
|
|
@c man .TP
|
|
@item -isosize
|
|
@kindex -isosize obtain track size from ISO 9660 superblock
|
|
@cindex Track size, obtain from ISO 9660, -isosize
|
|
Try to obtain the track size from the content of the track source.
|
|
This works only if the track source bears an ISO 9660 filesystem.
|
|
Any other track source content will cause the burn run to abort.
|
|
@*
|
|
If the track source is not a regular file or block device, then this option
|
|
will work only if the program's fifo size is at least 64k. See option fs=.
|
|
@c man .TP
|
|
@item padsize=size
|
|
@kindex padsize= add bytes to end of track
|
|
@cindex Padding, at end of track, padsize=
|
|
Add the given amount of trailing zeros to the upcomming track.
|
|
This feature can be disabled by size 0. Default is 300 kB in order to
|
|
work around a problem with GNU/Linux which often fails to read the last few
|
|
blocks of a CD track which was written in write mode TAO. TAO is used
|
|
by @command{xorrecord} if the track size cannot be predicted or if the CD
|
|
medium is not blank but appendable.
|
|
@c man .TP
|
|
@item -nopad
|
|
@kindex -nopad disable adding of bytes to end of track
|
|
@cindex Padding, disable, -nopad
|
|
The same as padsize=0.
|
|
@c man .TP
|
|
@item -pad
|
|
@kindex -pad add 15 blocks to end of track
|
|
@cindex Padding, insufficient old, -pad
|
|
The same as padsize=15s. This was once sufficient with older GNU/Linux
|
|
kernels. Meanwhile one should at least use padsize=128k, if not padsize=300k.
|
|
@c man .TP
|
|
@item -data
|
|
@kindex -data explicitely announce a data track
|
|
@cindex Data track, announce, -data
|
|
Explicitely announce that the track source shall be recorded as data track,
|
|
and not as audio track. This option has no effect with @command{xorrecord},
|
|
because there is no support for other track formats anyway.
|
|
@c man .TP
|
|
@item -tao
|
|
@kindex -tao explicitely set write type TAO
|
|
@cindex Write type, TAO, -tao
|
|
Explicitely demand that write type TAO shall be used for CD, or Incremental
|
|
for DVD-R. Normally the program will choose the write type according to the
|
|
given medium state, option -multi, and track source. Demanding it explicitely
|
|
prevents the start of a write run, if it is not appropriate to the situation.
|
|
@c man .TP
|
|
@item -sao
|
|
@kindex -sao explicitely set write type SAO/DAO
|
|
@cindex Write type, SAO/DAO, -sao
|
|
Explicitely demand that write type SAO shall be used for CD, or DAO for DVD-R.
|
|
This might prevent the write run, if it is not appropriate to the situation.
|
|
@c man .TP
|
|
@item -dao
|
|
@kindex -dao explicitely set write type SAO/DAO
|
|
@cindex Write type, SAO/DAO, -dao
|
|
Alias of -sao.
|
|
@c man .TP
|
|
@item fs=size
|
|
@kindex fs= set program fifo size
|
|
@cindex Fifo, set size, fs=
|
|
Set the size of the program fifo buffer to the given value
|
|
rather than the default of 4m.
|
|
@*
|
|
The fifo buffers a temporary surplus of track source data in order to
|
|
provide the drive with a steady stream during times of temporary lack of track
|
|
source supply.
|
|
@*
|
|
Other than cdrecord, xorrecord enables drive buffer underrun protection by
|
|
default and does not wait with writing until the fifo is full for a first
|
|
time.
|
|
On very old CD drives and slow computers, this might cause aborted burn runs.
|
|
In this case, consider to use program @strong{cdrskin} for CD burning.
|
|
DVD and BD drives tolerate buffer underrun without problems.
|
|
@*
|
|
The larger the fifo, the longer periods of poor source supply can be
|
|
compensated. But a large fifo can deprive the operating system of read cache
|
|
for better filesystem performance.
|
|
@c man .TP
|
|
@item speed=value
|
|
@kindex speed= set write speed
|
|
@cindex Speed, set for writing, speed=
|
|
Set the write speed. Default is 0 = maximum speed.
|
|
Speed can be given in media type dependent x-speed numbers or as a
|
|
desired throughput per second in MMC compliant kB (= 1000)
|
|
or MB (= 1000 kB). Media x-speed factor can be set explicity
|
|
by appending "c" for CD, "d" for DVD, "b" for BD. "x" is optional.
|
|
@*
|
|
Example speeds:
|
|
@*
|
|
706k = 706kB/s = 4c = 4xCD
|
|
@*
|
|
5540k = 5540kB/s = 4d = 4xDVD
|
|
@*
|
|
If there is no hint about the speed unit attached, then the
|
|
medium in the drive will decide.
|
|
Default unit is CD, 1x = 176,400 raw bytes/second.
|
|
With DVD, 1x = 1,385,000 bytes/second.
|
|
With BD, 1x = 4,495,625 bytes/second.
|
|
@*
|
|
MMC drives usually activate their own idea of speed and take
|
|
the speed value given by the burn program only as a hint
|
|
for their own decision.
|
|
@c man .TP
|
|
@item -eject
|
|
@kindex -eject finally eject drive tray
|
|
@cindex Eject, the tray, -eject
|
|
@cindex Tray, eject, -eject
|
|
Eject the drive tray after alll other work is done.
|
|
@end table
|
|
@c man .TP
|
|
@c man .B Program version and verbosity:
|
|
@node Verbous, NonCdrecord, SetBurn, Options
|
|
@section Program version and verbosity
|
|
@table @asis
|
|
@sp 1
|
|
@c man .TP
|
|
@item -version
|
|
@kindex -version report emulation and xorriso version
|
|
@cindex Version, report, -version
|
|
Print to standard output a line beginning by
|
|
@*
|
|
"Cdrecord 2.01-Emulation Copyright"
|
|
@*
|
|
and further lines which report the version of xorriso and its
|
|
supporting libraries. They also state the license under which the program
|
|
is provided, and disclaim any warranty, to the extent permitted by law.
|
|
@*
|
|
Afterwards end emulation without performing any drive operation.
|
|
@c man .TP
|
|
@item -v
|
|
@kindex -v increase program verbosity
|
|
@cindex Verbosity, increase, -v
|
|
Increase program verbosity by one level. There are four verbosity levels
|
|
from nearly silent to debugging verbosity. The both highest levels can
|
|
be enabled by repeated -v or by -vv resp. -vvv.
|
|
@c man .TP
|
|
@item -V
|
|
@kindex -V log SCSI command transactions to stderr
|
|
@cindex Verbosity, SCSI commands, -V
|
|
@cindex SCSI commands, log, -V
|
|
Log SCSI commands and drive replies to standard error.
|
|
This might be of interest if @strong{xorrecord} and a particular drive
|
|
or medium do not cooperate as expected, or if you just want to know
|
|
how libburn interacts with the drive.
|
|
To understand this extremely verbous log, one needs to read SCSI
|
|
specs SPC, SBC, and MMC.
|
|
@*
|
|
Please do not add such a log to a bug report on the first hand,
|
|
unless you want to point out a particular deviation
|
|
from said specs, or if you get asked for this log by a maintainer of
|
|
@command{xorrecord} who feels in charge for your bug report.
|
|
@c man .TP
|
|
@item -help
|
|
@kindex -help print sparse overview of options
|
|
@cindex Options, overview, -help
|
|
Print a sparse list of program options to standard error
|
|
and declare not to be cdrecord.
|
|
@*
|
|
Afterwards end emulation without performing any drive operation.
|
|
@end table
|
|
@c man .TP
|
|
@c man .B Options not compatible to cdrecord:
|
|
@node NonCdrecord, ExDevices, Verbous, Options
|
|
@section Options not compatible to cdrecord
|
|
@table @asis
|
|
@sp 1
|
|
@c man .TP
|
|
@item @minus{}@minus{}no_rc
|
|
@kindex @minus{}@minus{}no_rc do not execute xorriso startup files
|
|
@cindex Startup files, do not execute, @minus{}@minus{}no_rc
|
|
Only if used as first command line argument this option
|
|
prevents reading and interpretation of startup files. See section FILES below.
|
|
@c man .TP
|
|
@item @minus{}@minus{}grow_overwriteable_iso
|
|
@kindex @minus{}@minus{}grow_overwriteable_iso emulate ISO 9660 multi-session
|
|
@cindex Multi-session, emulate ISO 9660, @minus{}@minus{}grow_overwriteable_iso
|
|
Enable emulation of multi-session writing on overwriteable media which
|
|
contain an ISO 9660 filesystem. This emulation is learned from growisofs -M
|
|
but adapted to the usage model of
|
|
@*
|
|
xorrecord -msinfo
|
|
@*
|
|
xorrisofs -C -M | xorrecord -waiti -multi -
|
|
@*
|
|
for sequential media.
|
|
@*
|
|
--grow_overwriteable_iso does not hamper the use of true multi-session media.
|
|
I.e. it is possible to use the same @command{xorrecord} options with both
|
|
kinds of media
|
|
and to achieve similar results if ISO 9660 filesystem images are to be written.
|
|
This option implies option -isosize and therefore demands that the track
|
|
source is a ISO 9660 filesystem image.
|
|
@*
|
|
With overwriteable media and no option blank=fast|all present it expands an
|
|
eventual ISO 9660 filesystem on media. It is assumed that this image's inner
|
|
size description points to the end of the valuable data.
|
|
Overwriteable media with a recognizable ISO 9660 size will be regarded as
|
|
appendable rather than as blank. I.e. options -msinfo and -toc will work.
|
|
-toc will always show a single session with its size increasing with
|
|
every added ISO 9660 image.
|
|
@c man .TP
|
|
@item @minus{}@minus{}multi_if_possible
|
|
@kindex @minus{}@minus{}multi_if_possible apply -multi if medium is suitable
|
|
@cindex Media, keep appendable, @minus{}@minus{}multi_if_possible
|
|
Apply option -multi if the medium is suitable. Not suitable are DVD-R DL
|
|
and DVD-RW, which were blanked with mode "deformat_quickest".
|
|
@*
|
|
Not all drives correctly recognize such fast-blanked DVD-RW which need "on".
|
|
If there is well founded suspicion that a burn run failed due to
|
|
-multi, then this causes a re-try without -multi.
|
|
@c man .TP
|
|
@item stream_recording="on"|"off"|number
|
|
@kindex stream_recording= try to get full speed on DVD-RAM, BD
|
|
@cindex Full speed, on DVD-RAM and BD, stream_recording=
|
|
@cindex Defect management, control, stream_recording=
|
|
Mode "on" requests that compliance to the desired speed setting is
|
|
preferred over management of write errors. With DVD-RAM and BD this can
|
|
bring effective write speed near to the nominal write speed of the media.
|
|
But it will also disable the automatic use of replacement blocks
|
|
if write errors occur. It might as well be disliked or ignored by the drive.
|
|
@*
|
|
If a number is given, then error management stays enabled for all byte
|
|
addresses below that number. Any number below 16s is the same as "off".
|
|
@c man .TP
|
|
@item dvd_obs="default"|"32k"|"64k"
|
|
@kindex dvd_obs= set write transaction payload size
|
|
@cindex Transaction size, set, dvd_obs=
|
|
Linux specific:
|
|
Set the number of bytes to be transmitted with each write operation to DVD
|
|
or BD media. Tracks get padded up to the next multiple of this write
|
|
size. A number of 64 KB may improve throughput with bus systems which
|
|
show latency problems. The default depends on media type, option
|
|
stream_recording=, and on compile time options.
|
|
@c man .TP
|
|
@item write_start_address=value
|
|
@kindex write_start_address= set block address for write start
|
|
@cindex Write start address, set, write_start_address=
|
|
Set the block address on overwritable media where to start writing the track.
|
|
With DVD+RW, DVD-RAM or BD-RE, byte_offset must be aligned to 2 kiB blocks,
|
|
but better is 32 kiB on DVD and 64 kiB on BD.
|
|
With formatted DVD-RW 32 kiB alignment is mandatory.
|
|
@*
|
|
Other media are not suitable for this option.
|
|
@c man .TP
|
|
@item stdio_sync="on"|"off"|number
|
|
@kindex stdio_sync= control stdio buffer
|
|
@cindex Write, buffer syncing, stdio_sync=
|
|
Set the number of bytes after which to force output to emulated stdio: drives.
|
|
This forcing keeps the memory from being clogged with lots of
|
|
pending data for slow devices. Default "on" is the same as "16m".
|
|
Forced output can be disabled by "off".
|
|
@end table
|
|
@node Examples, Files, Options, Top
|
|
@chapter Examples
|
|
@c man .SH EXAMPLES
|
|
@c man .SS
|
|
@c man .B Overview of examples:
|
|
@c man Get an overview of drives and their addresses
|
|
@c man .br
|
|
@c man Get info about a particular drive or loaded media
|
|
@c man .br
|
|
@c man Prepare CD-RW or DVD-RW for re-use, BD-R for bad block handling
|
|
@c man .br
|
|
@c man Format DVD-RW to avoid need for blanking before re-use
|
|
@c man .br
|
|
@c man De-format DVD-RW to make it capable of multi-session again
|
|
@c man .br
|
|
@c man Write a single ISO 9660 filesystem image
|
|
@c man .br
|
|
@c man Write multiple ISO 9660 sessions
|
|
@c man .br
|
|
@c man Write ISO 9660 session on-the-fly
|
|
@c man .br
|
|
@c man Write compressed afio archive on-the-fly
|
|
@c man .br
|
|
@cindex Examples
|
|
@menu
|
|
* ExDevices:: Get an overview of drives and their addresses
|
|
* ExMedium:: Get info about a particular drive or loaded media
|
|
* ExBlank:: Prepare CD-RW or DVD-RW for re-use
|
|
* ExFormat:: Format DVD-RW to avoid need for blanking before re-use
|
|
* ExDeformat:: De-format DVD-RW to make it capable of multi-session again
|
|
* ExIsoSingle:: Write a single ISO 9660 filesystem image
|
|
* ExIsoMulti:: Write multiple ISO 9660 sessions
|
|
* ExIsoFly:: Write ISO 9660 session on-the-fly
|
|
* ExAfio:: Write compressed afio archive on-the-fly
|
|
@end menu
|
|
@c man .SS
|
|
@c man .B Get an overview of drives and their addresses:
|
|
@node ExDevices, ExMedium, NonCdrecord, Examples
|
|
@section Get an overview of drives and their addresses
|
|
@sp 1
|
|
$ xorrecord --devices
|
|
@c man .SS
|
|
@c man .B Get info about a particular drive and loaded media:
|
|
@node ExMedium, ExBlank, ExDevices, Examples
|
|
@section Get info about a particular drive and loaded media
|
|
@sp 1
|
|
$ xorrecord dev=/dev/sr0 -atip -toc --grow_overwriteable_iso
|
|
@c man .SS
|
|
@c man .B Prepare CD-RW or DVD-RW for re-use:
|
|
@node ExBlank, ExFormat, ExMedium, Examples
|
|
@section Prepare CD-RW or DVD-RW for re-use
|
|
@sp 1
|
|
$ xorrecord -v dev=/dev/sr0 blank=as_needed -eject
|
|
@c man .SS
|
|
@c man .B Format DVD-RW to avoid need for blanking before re-use:
|
|
@node ExFormat, ExDeformat, ExBlank, Examples
|
|
@section Format DVD-RW to avoid need for blanking before re-use
|
|
@sp 1
|
|
$ xorrecord -v dev=/dev/sr0 blank=format_overwrite -eject
|
|
@*
|
|
@sp 1
|
|
This command may also be used to format BD-R media before first use,
|
|
in order to enable handling of write errors. Several hundred MB of spare
|
|
blocks will be reserved and write runs on such media will perform
|
|
with less than half nominal speed.
|
|
@c man .SS
|
|
@c man .B De-format DVD-RW to make it capable of multi-session again:
|
|
@node ExDeformat, ExIsoSingle, ExFormat, Examples
|
|
@section De-format DVD-RW to make it capable of multi-session again
|
|
@sp 1
|
|
$ xorrecord -v dev=/dev/sr0 blank=deformat
|
|
@c man .SS
|
|
@c man .B Write a single ISO 9660 filesystem image:
|
|
@node ExIsoSingle, ExIsoMulti, ExDeformat, Examples
|
|
@section Write a single ISO 9660 filesystem image
|
|
@sp 1
|
|
$ xorrecord -v dev=/dev/sr0 speed=12 fs=8m \
|
|
blank=as_needed -eject padsize=300k my_image.iso
|
|
@c man .SS
|
|
@c man .B Write multiple ISO 9660 sessions:
|
|
@node ExIsoMulti, ExIsoFly, ExIsoSingle, Examples
|
|
@section Write multiple ISO 9660 sessions
|
|
This is possible with all media except minimally blanked DVD-RW and DVD-R DL,
|
|
which cannot do multi-session.
|
|
@*
|
|
The first session is written like in the previous example, except that
|
|
option -multi is used. It will contain the files of hard disk
|
|
directory ./tree1 under the ISO 9660 directory /dir1:
|
|
@*
|
|
@sp 1
|
|
$ xorrisofs -o image_1.iso -J -graft-points /dir1=./tree1
|
|
@*
|
|
$ xorrecord -v dev=/dev/sr0 speed=12 fs=8m \
|
|
@*
|
|
-multi --grow_overwriteable_iso \
|
|
@*
|
|
blank=as_needed -eject padsize=300k image_1.iso
|
|
@*
|
|
@sp 1
|
|
For the second session xorrisofs needs to know the -msinfo numbers
|
|
of the medium. Further it will read data from the medium by using the
|
|
system's read-only CD-ROM driver.
|
|
@*
|
|
It is advised to load the tray manually
|
|
or via dd by the CD-ROM driver, rather than letting xorrecord do this
|
|
by its own SCSI driver. Many system CD-ROM drivers do not take notice
|
|
of xorrecord's activities.
|
|
@*
|
|
@sp 1
|
|
$ dd if=/dev/sr0 count=1 >/dev/null 2>&1
|
|
@*
|
|
Now get the -msinfo numbers:
|
|
@*
|
|
$ m=$(xorrecord dev=/dev/sr0 -msinfo)
|
|
@*
|
|
@sp 1
|
|
and use them with xorrisofs to add ./tree2 to the image as /dir2:
|
|
@*
|
|
@sp 1
|
|
$ xorrisofs -M /dev/sr0 -C $m -o image_2.iso \
|
|
@*
|
|
-J -graft-points /dir2=./tree2
|
|
@*
|
|
@sp 1
|
|
Now burn the new session onto the same medium. This time without blanking:
|
|
@*
|
|
@sp 1
|
|
$ xorrecord -v dev=/dev/sr0 speed=12 fs=8m \
|
|
@*
|
|
-multi --grow_overwriteable_iso \
|
|
@*
|
|
-eject padsize=300k image_2.iso
|
|
@*
|
|
@sp 1
|
|
Operating systems which mount this medium will read the superblock
|
|
of the second session and show both directories /dir1 and /dir2.
|
|
@c man .SS
|
|
@c man .B Write ISO 9660 session on-the-fly:
|
|
@node ExIsoFly, ExAfio, ExIsoMulti, Examples
|
|
@section Write ISO 9660 session on-the-fly
|
|
It is possible to combine the run of @strong{xorrisofs} and @command{xorrecord}
|
|
in a pipeline without storing the ISO 9660 image as file on hard disk:
|
|
@*
|
|
@sp 1
|
|
$ xorrisofs -M /dev/sr0 -C $m \
|
|
@*
|
|
-J -graft-points /dir2=./tree2 \
|
|
@*
|
|
| xorrecord -v dev=/dev/sr0 speed=12 fs=8m \
|
|
@*
|
|
-waiti -multi --grow_overwriteable_iso \
|
|
@*
|
|
-eject padsize=300k -
|
|
@*
|
|
@sp 1
|
|
This is also the main use case of program @strong{xorriso} itself,
|
|
where this run would look like:
|
|
@*
|
|
@sp 1
|
|
$ xorriso -dev /dev/sr0 -joliet on -speed 12 -fs 8m \
|
|
@*
|
|
-map ./tree2 /dir2 -commit_eject all
|
|
@c man .SS
|
|
@c man .B Write compressed afio archive on-the-fly:
|
|
@node ExAfio, , ExIsoFly, Examples
|
|
@section Write compressed afio archive on-the-fly
|
|
This is possible with all media except minimally blanked DVD-RW and DVD-R DL.
|
|
Since the compressed output stream is of very variable speed, a larger fifo
|
|
is advised. Nevertheless, this example is not suitable for very old CD drives
|
|
which have no underrun protection and thus would abort the burn run on
|
|
temporary data shortage.
|
|
@*
|
|
@sp 1
|
|
$ find . | afio -oZ - | \
|
|
@*
|
|
xorrecord -v dev=/dev/sr0 speed=12 fs=64m \
|
|
@*
|
|
-multi padsize=300k -
|
|
@*
|
|
@sp 1
|
|
afio archives do not contain references to absolute data block addresses. So
|
|
they need no special precautions for multi-session. One may get the session
|
|
start addresses by option -toc, and then use dd option skip= to begin reading
|
|
at one of those addresses. E.g. for listing its content:
|
|
@*
|
|
@sp 1
|
|
$ dd if=/dev/sr0 bs=2048 skip=64046 | afio -tvZ -
|
|
@*
|
|
@sp 1
|
|
afio will know when the end of the archive is reached.
|
|
@c man .SH FILES
|
|
@node Files, Seealso, Examples, Top
|
|
@chapter Files
|
|
@c man .SS
|
|
@c man .B Startup files:
|
|
@section Startup Files
|
|
@*
|
|
If not --no_rc is given as the first argument then @command{xorrecord}
|
|
attempts on startup to read and execute lines from the following files:
|
|
@*
|
|
@sp 1
|
|
/etc/default/xorriso
|
|
@*
|
|
/etc/opt/xorriso/rc
|
|
@*
|
|
/etc/xorriso/xorriso.conf
|
|
@*
|
|
$HOME/.xorrisorc
|
|
@*
|
|
@sp 1
|
|
The files are read in the sequence given here, but none of them is required
|
|
to exist. The lines are not interpreted as @command{xorrecord} options but
|
|
as generic @strong{xorriso} commands. See man xorriso.
|
|
@c man .SH SEE ALSO
|
|
@c man .TP
|
|
@c man For generic xorriso command mode
|
|
@c man .BR xorriso(1)
|
|
@c man .TP
|
|
@c man Formatting track sources for xorrecord:
|
|
@c man .BR xorrisofs(1),
|
|
@c man .BR mkisofs(8),
|
|
@c man .BR genisoimage(8),
|
|
@c man .BR afio(1),
|
|
@c man .BR star(1)
|
|
@c man .TP
|
|
@c man Other programs which burn sessions to optical media
|
|
@c man .BR growisofs(1),
|
|
@c man .BR cdrecord(1),
|
|
@c man .BR wodim(1),
|
|
@c man .BR cdrskin(1)
|
|
@c man-ignore-lines begin
|
|
@node Seealso, Bugreport, Files, Top
|
|
@chapter See also
|
|
@table @asis
|
|
@item For generic xorriso command mode
|
|
xorriso(1)
|
|
@item Formatting track sources for xorrecord
|
|
xorrisofs(1),
|
|
mkisofs(8),
|
|
genisoimage(8),
|
|
afio(1),
|
|
star(1)
|
|
@item Other programs which burn sessions to optical media
|
|
growisofs(1),
|
|
cdrecord(1),
|
|
wodim(1),
|
|
cdrskin(1)
|
|
@end table
|
|
@c man-ignore-lines end
|
|
@c man .SH BUGS
|
|
@node Bugreport, Legal, Seealso, Top
|
|
@chapter Reporting bugs
|
|
@cindex Bugs, reporting
|
|
@cindex Problems, reporting
|
|
To report bugs, request help, or suggest enhancements for @command{xorriso},
|
|
please send electronic mail to the public list @email{bug-xorriso@@gnu.org}.
|
|
If more privacy is desired, mail to @email{scdbackup@@gmx.net}.
|
|
@*
|
|
@sp 1
|
|
Please describe what you expect @command{xorriso} to do,
|
|
the program arguments resp. commands by which you tried to achieve it,
|
|
the messages of @command{xorriso}, and the undesirable outcome of your
|
|
program run.
|
|
@*
|
|
@sp 1
|
|
Expect to get asked more questions before solutions can be proposed.
|
|
@c man .SH AUTHOR
|
|
@node Legal, CommandIdx, Bugreport, Top
|
|
@chapter Author, Copyright, Credits
|
|
@section Author
|
|
Thomas Schmitt <scdbackup@@gmx.net>
|
|
@*
|
|
for libburnia-project.org
|
|
@c man .SH COPYRIGHT
|
|
@section Copyright
|
|
Copyright (c) 2011 - 2013 Thomas Schmitt
|
|
@*
|
|
Permission is granted to distribute this text freely. It shall only be
|
|
modified in sync with the technical properties of xorriso. If you make use
|
|
of the license to derive modified versions of xorriso then you are entitled
|
|
to modify this text under that same license.
|
|
@c man .SH CREDITS
|
|
@section Credits
|
|
@command{xorriso} is in part based on work by Vreixo Formoso who provides
|
|
libisofs together with Mario Danic who also leads the libburnia team.
|
|
Thanks to Andy Polyakov who invented emulated growing,
|
|
to Derek Foreman and Ben Jansens who once founded libburn.
|
|
@*
|
|
Compliments towards Joerg Schilling whose cdrtools served me for ten years.
|
|
@c man-ignore-lines begin
|
|
|
|
@node CommandIdx, ConceptIdx, Legal, Top
|
|
@chapter Alphabetic Command List
|
|
@printindex ky
|
|
|
|
@node ConceptIdx,, CommandIdx, Top
|
|
@chapter Alphabetic List of Concepts and Objects
|
|
@printindex cp
|
|
|
|
@c man-ignore-lines end
|
|
@bye
|