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ReportSystemArea.md
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ReportSystemArea.md
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xorriso commands `-report_system_area` and `-report_el_torito` forward
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boot information which libisofs obtains when loading an ISO image.
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This information directs the boot firmware of various computer hardware
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to the initial programs of boot loaders.
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For example from `archlinux-2013.11.01-dual.iso`
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```
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System area options: 0x00000102
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System area summary: MBR isohybrid cyl-align-on GPT
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ISO image size/512 : 1056768
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Partition offset : 0
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MBR heads per cyl : 64
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MBR secs per head : 32
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MBR partition table: N Status Type Start Blocks
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MBR partition : 1 0x80 0x00 0 1056768
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MBR partition : 2 0x00 0xef 84432 63488
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MBR partition path : 2 /EFI/archiso/efiboot.img
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GPT : N Info
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GPT disk GUID : d04d2f9e3a4e314f9764b381e526f4ce
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GPT entry array : 2 248 overlapping
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GPT lba range : 64 1056704 1056767
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GPT partition name : 1 490053004f00480079006200720069006400
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GPT partname local : 1 ISOHybrid
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GPT partition GUID : 1 d04d2f9e3a4e314f9766b381e526f4ce
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GPT type GUID : 1 a2a0d0ebe5b9334487c068b6b72699c7
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GPT partition flags: 1 0x1000000000000001
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GPT start and size : 1 0 1056704
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GPT partition name : 2 490053004f004800790062007200690064003100
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GPT partname local : 2 ISOHybrid1
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GPT partition GUID : 2 d04d2f9e3a4e314f9767b381e526f4ce
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GPT partition flags: 2 0x1000000000000001
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GPT start and size : 2 84432 63488
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GPT partition path : 2 /EFI/archiso/efiboot.img
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El Torito catalog : 42 1
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El Torito cat path : /isolinux/boot.cat
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El Torito images : N Pltf B Emul Ld_seg Hdpt Ldsiz LBA
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El Torito boot img : 1 BIOS y none 0x0000 0x00 4 20078
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El Torito boot img : 2 UEFI y none 0x0000 0x00 63488 21108
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El Torito img opts : 1 boot-info-table isohybrid-suitable
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El Torito img path : 1 /isolinux/isolinux.bin
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El Torito img path : 2 /EFI/archiso/efiboot.img
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```
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The output format is described by `-report_system_area help` and
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`-report_el_torito help`,
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or by the help texts of `iso_image_report_system_area()` and
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`iso_image_report_el_torito()`:
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```
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------------------------------------------------------------------------------
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With -report_system_area "plain":
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------------------------------------------------------------------------------
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Report format for recognized System Area data.
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No text will be reported if no System Area was loaded or if it was
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entirely filled with 0-bytes.
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Else there will be at least these three lines:
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System area options: hex
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see libisofs.h, parameter of iso_write_opts_set_system_area().
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System area summary: word ... word
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human readable interpretation of system area options and other info
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The words are from the set:
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{ MBR, CHRP, PReP, GPT, APM, MIPS-Big-Endian, MIPS-Little-Endian,
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SUN-SPARC-Disk-Label, HP-PA-PALO,
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protective-msdos-label, isohybrid, grub2-mbr,
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cyl-align-{auto,on,off,all}, not-recognized, }
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The acronyms indicate boot data for particular hardware/firmware.
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protective-msdos-label is an MBR conformant to specs of GPT.
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isohybrid is an MBR implementing ISOLINUX isohybrid functionality.
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grub2-mbr is an MBR with GRUB2 64 bit address patching.
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cyl-align-on indicates that the ISO image MBR partition ends at a
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cylinder boundary. cyl-align-all means that more MBR partitions
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exist and all end at a cylinder boundary.
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not-recognized tells about unrecognized non-zero system area data.
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ISO image size/512 : decimal
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size of ISO image in block units of 512 bytes.
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If an MBR is detected, with at least one partition entry of non-zero size,
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then there may be:
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Partition offset : decimal
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if not 0 then a second ISO 9660 superblock was found to which MBR
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partition 1 is pointing.
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MBR heads per cyl : decimal
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conversion factor between MBR C/H/S address and LBA. 0=inconsistent.
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MBR secs per head : decimal
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conversion factor between MBR C/H/S address and LBA. 0=inconsistent.
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MBR partition table: N Status Type Start Blocks
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headline for MBR partition table.
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MBR partition : X hex hex decimal decimal
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gives partition number, status byte, type byte, start block,
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and number of blocks. 512 bytes per block.
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MBR partition path : X path
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the path of a file in the ISO image which begins at the partition
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start block of partition X.
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PReP boot partition: decimal decimal
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gives start block and size of a PReP boot partition in ISO 9660
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block units of 2048 bytes.
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GUID Partition Table can coexist with MBR:
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GPT : N Info
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headline for GPT partition table. The fields are too wide for a
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neat table. So they are listed with a partition number and a text.
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GPT CRC should be : <hex> to match first 92 GPT header block bytes
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GPT CRC found : <hex> matches all 512 bytes of GPT header block
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libisofs-1.2.4 to 1.2.8 had a bug with the GPT header CRC. So
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libisofs is willing to recognize GPT with the buggy CRC. These
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two lines inform that most partition editors will not accept it.
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GPT array CRC wrong: should be <hex>, found <hex>
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GPT entry arrays are accepted even if their CRC does not match.
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In this case, both CRCs are reported by this line.
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GPT backup problems: text
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reports about inconsistencies between main GPT and backup GPT.
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The statements are comma separated:
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Implausible header LBA <decimal>
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Cannot read header block at 2k LBA <decimal>
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Not a GPT 1.0 header of 92 bytes for 128 bytes per entry
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Head CRC <hex> wrong. Should be <hex>
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Head CRC <hex> wrong. Should be <hex>. Matches all 512 block bytes
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Disk GUID differs (<hex_digits>)
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Cannot read array block at 2k LBA <decimal>
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Array CRC <hex> wrong. Should be <hex>
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Entries differ for partitions <decimal> [... <decimal>]
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GPT disk GUID : hex_digits
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32 hex digits giving the byte string of the disk's GUID
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GPT entry array : decimal decimal word
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start block of partition entry array and number of entries. 512 bytes
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per block. The word may be "separated" if partitions are disjoint,
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"overlapping" if they are not. In future there may be "nested"
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as special case where all overlapping partitions are superset and
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subset, and "covering" as special case of disjoint partitions
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covering the whole GPT block range for partitions.
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GPT lba range : decimal decimal decimal
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addresses of first payload block, last payload block, and of the
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GPT backup header block. 512 bytes per block.
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GPT partition name : X hex_digits
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up to 144 hex digits giving the UTF-16LE name byte string of
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partition X. Trailing 16 bit 0-characters are omitted.
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GPT partname local : X text
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the name of partition X converted to the local character set.
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This line may be missing if the name cannot be converted, or is
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empty.
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GPT partition GUID : X hex_digits
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32 hex digits giving the byte string of the GUID of partition X.
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GPT type GUID : X hex_digits
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32 hex digits giving the byte string of the type GUID of partition X.
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GPT partition flags: X hex
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64 flag bits of partition X in hex representation.
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Known bit meanings are:
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bit0 = "System Partition" Do not alter.
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bit2 = Legacy BIOS bootable (MBR partition type 0x80)
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bit60= read-only
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GPT start and size : X decimal decimal
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start block and number of blocks of partition X. 512 bytes per block.
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GPT partition path : X path
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the path of a file in the ISO image which begins at the partition
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start block of partition X.
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Apple partition map can coexist with MBR and GPT:
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APM : N Info
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headline for human readers.
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APM block size : decimal
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block size of Apple Partition Map. 512 or 2048. This applies to
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start address and size of all partitions in the APM.
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APM gap fillers : decimal
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tells the number of partitions with name "Gap[0-9[0-9]]" and type
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"ISO9660_data".
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APM partition name : X text
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the name of partition X. Up to 32 characters.
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APM partition type : X text
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the type string of partition X. Up to 32 characters.
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APM start and size : X decimal decimal
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start block and number of blocks of partition X.
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APM partition path : X path
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the path of a file in the ISO image which begins at the partition
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start block of partition X.
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If a MIPS Big Endian Volume Header is detected, there may be:
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MIPS-BE volume dir : N Name Block Bytes
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headline for human readers.
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MIPS-BE boot entry : X upto8chr decimal decimal
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tells name, 512-byte block address, and byte count of boot entry X.
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MIPS-BE boot path : X path
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tells the path to the boot image file in the ISO image which belongs
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to the block address given by boot entry X.
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If a DEC Boot Block for MIPS Little Endian is detected, there may be:
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MIPS-LE boot map : LoadAddr ExecAddr SegmentSize SegmentStart
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headline for human readers.
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MIPS-LE boot params: decimal decimal decimal decimal
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tells four numbers which are originally derived from the ELF header
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of the boot file. The first two are counted in bytes, the other two
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are counted in blocks of 512 bytes.
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MIPS-LE boot path : path
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tells the path to the boot file in the ISO image which belongs to the
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address given by SegmentStart.
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MIPS-LE elf offset : decimal
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tells the relative 512-byte block offset inside the boot file:
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SegmentStart - FileStartBlock
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If a SUN SPARC Disk Label is present:
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SUN SPARC disklabel: text
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tells the disk label text.
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SUN SPARC secs/head: decimal
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tells the number of sectors per head.
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SUN SPARC heads/cyl: decimal
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tells the number of heads per cylinder.
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SPARC GRUB2 core : decimal decimal
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tells byte address and byte count of the GRUB2 SPARC core file.
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SPARC GRUB2 path : path
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tells the path to the data file in the ISO image which belongs to the
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address given by core.
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If a HP-PA PALO boot sector version 4 or 5 is present:
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PALO header version: decimal
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tells the PALO header version: 4 or 5.
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HP-PA cmdline : text
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tells the command line for the kernels.
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HP-PA boot files : ByteAddr ByteSize Path
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headline for human readers.
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HP-PA 32-bit kernel: decimal decimal path
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tells start byte, byte count, and file path of the 32-bit kernel.
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HP-PA 64-bit kernel: decimal decimal path
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tells the same for the 64-bit kernel.
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HP-PA ramdisk : decimal decimal path
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tells the same for the ramdisk file.
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HP-PA bootloader : decimal decimal path
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tells the same for the bootloader file.
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------------------------------------------------------------------------------
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With -report_el_torito "plain":
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------------------------------------------------------------------------------
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Report format for recognized El Torito boot information.
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No text will be reported if no El Torito information was found.
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Else there will be at least these three lines
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El Torito catalog : decimal decimal
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tells the block address and number of 2048-blocks of the boot catalog.
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El Torito images : N Pltf B Emul Ld_seg Hdpt Ldsiz LBA
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is the headline of the boot image list.
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El Torito boot img : X word char word hex hex decimal decimal
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tells about boot image number X:
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- Platform Id: "BIOS", "PPC", "Mac", "UEFI" or a hex number.
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- Bootability: either "y" or "n".
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- Emulation: "none", "fd1.2", "fd1.4", "fd2.8", "hd"
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for no emulation, three floppy MB sizes, hard disk.
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- Load Segment: start offset in boot image. 0x0000 means 0x07c0.
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- Hard disk emulation partition type: MBR partition type code.
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- Load size: number of 512-blocks to load with emulation mode "none".
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- LBA: start block number in ISO filesystem (2048-block).
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The following lines appear conditionally:
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El Torito cat path : iso_rr_path
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tells the path to the data file in the ISO image which belongs to
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the block address where the boot catalog starts.
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(This line is not reported if no path points to that block.)
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El Torito img opts : X word ... word
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tells the presence of extra features:
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"boot-info-table" image got boot info table patching.
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"isohybrid-suitable" image is suitable for ISOLINUX isohybrid MBR.
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"grub2-boot-info" image got GRUB2 boot info patching.
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(This line is not reported if no such options were detected.)
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El Torito id string: X hex_digits
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tells the id string of the catalog section which hosts boot image X.
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(This line is not reported if the id string is all zero.)
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El Torito sel crit : X hex_digits
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tells the selection criterion of boot image X.
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(This line is not reported if the criterion is all zero.)
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El Torito img path : X iso_rr_path
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tells the path to the data file in the ISO image which belongs to
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the block address given by LBA of boot image X.
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(This line is not reported if no path points to that block.)
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El Torito img blks : X decimal
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gives an upper limit of the number of 2048-blocks in the boot image
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if it is not accessible via a path in the ISO directory tree.
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The boot image is supposed to end before the start block of any
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other entity of the ISO filesystem.
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(This line is not reported if no limiting entity is found.)
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```
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Technical details and also some links to background information can be
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found in
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[doc/boot_sectors.txt](https://dev.lovelyhq.com/libburnia/libisofs/raw/HEAD/doc/boot_sectors.txt)
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of libisofs.
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---------------------------
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Further examples.
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`debian-7.3.0-i386-netinst.iso`:
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```
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System area options: 0x00000102
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System area summary: MBR isohybrid cyl-align-on
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ISO image size/512 : 567296
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Partition offset : 16
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MBR heads per cyl : 64
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MBR secs per head : 32
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MBR partition table: N Status Type Start Blocks
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MBR partition : 1 0x80 0x17 64 567232
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El Torito catalog : 1658 1
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El Torito cat path : /isolinux/boot.cat
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El Torito images : N Pltf B Emul Ld_seg Hdpt Ldsiz LBA
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El Torito boot img : 1 BIOS y none 0x0000 0x00 4 16980
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El Torito img opts : 1 boot-info-table isohybrid-suitable
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El Torito img path : 1 /isolinux/isolinux.bin
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```
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Debian kFreeBSD `mini.iso`:
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```
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System area options: 0x00000201
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System area summary: MBR protective-msdos-label cyl-align-off
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ISO image size/512 : 32016
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Partition offset : 0
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MBR heads per cyl : 64
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MBR secs per head : 32
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MBR partition table: N Status Type Start Blocks
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MBR partition : 1 0x80 0xcd 1 32015
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El Torito catalog : 58 1
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El Torito cat path : /boot.catalog
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El Torito images : N Pltf B Emul Ld_seg Hdpt Ldsiz LBA
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El Torito boot img : 1 BIOS y none 0x0000 0x00 4 7561
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El Torito img opts : 1 boot-info-table
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El Torito img path : 1 /boot/grub/i386-pc/eltorito.img
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```
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`Fedora-LiveCD.iso` (made by a modified `genisoimage`,
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treated with `isohybrid.c`, see http://mjg59.dreamwidth.org/11285.html ):
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```
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System area options: 0x00000102
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System area summary: MBR isohybrid cyl-align-on GPT APM
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ISO image size/512 : 1329448
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Partition offset : 0
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MBR heads per cyl : 64
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MBR secs per head : 32
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MBR partition table: N Status Type Start Blocks
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MBR partition : 1 0x80 0x00 0 1331200
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MBR partition : 2 0x00 0xef 164 1136
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MBR partition : 3 0x00 0x00 1348 2240
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MBR partition path : 2 /isolinux/efiboot.img
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MBR partition path : 3 /isolinux/macboot.img
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GPT : N Info
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GPT backup problems: Implausible header LBA 1331198
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GPT disk GUID : 7323c87919e6974d95176930c538e299
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GPT entry array : 16 128 overlapping
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GPT lba range : 48 1331166 1331198
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GPT partition name : 1 49534f4879627269642049534f0049534f487962726964004170706c
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GPT partition GUID : 1 a187a1ba4d2c2745ae05cfaba6fa87c1
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GPT type GUID : 1 a2a0d0ebe5b9334487c068b6b72699c7
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GPT partition flags: 1 0x0000000000000000
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GPT start and size : 1 0 1329449
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GPT partition name : 2 49534f487962726964004170706c65004170706c
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GPT partition GUID : 2 c8dec81ffbf051408c8ad2f6b14616dc
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GPT type GUID : 2 a2a0d0ebe5b9334487c068b6b72699c7
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GPT partition flags: 2 0x0000000000000000
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GPT start and size : 2 164 1136
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GPT partition path : 2 /isolinux/efiboot.img
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GPT partition name : 3 49534f487962726964004170706c65004170706c
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GPT partition GUID : 3 c8dec81ffbf051408c8ad2f6b14616dc
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GPT type GUID : 3 005346480000aa11aa1100306543ecac
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GPT partition flags: 3 0x0000000000000000
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GPT start and size : 3 1348 2240
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GPT partition path : 3 /isolinux/macboot.img
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APM : N Info
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APM block size : 2048
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APM gap fillers : 0
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APM partition name : 1 EFI
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APM partition type : 1 Apple_HFS
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APM start and size : 1 41 1136
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APM partition path : 1 /isolinux/efiboot.img
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APM partition name : 2 EFI
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APM partition type : 2 Apple_HFS
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APM start and size : 2 337 2240
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APM partition path : 2 /isolinux/macboot.img
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El Torito catalog : 40 1
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El Torito cat path : /isolinux/boot.cat
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El Torito images : N Pltf B Emul Ld_seg Hdpt Ldsiz LBA
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El Torito boot img : 1 BIOS y none 0x0000 0x00 4 325
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El Torito boot img : 2 UEFI y none 0x0000 0x00 1136 41
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El Torito boot img : 3 UEFI y none 0x0000 0x00 2240 337
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El Torito img opts : 1 boot-info-table isohybrid-suitable
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El Torito img path : 1 /isolinux/isolinux.bin
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El Torito img path : 2 /isolinux/efiboot.img
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El Torito img path : 3 /isolinux/macboot.img
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```
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`FreeBSD-8.4-BETA1-amd64-livefs.iso` (made by `makefs`):
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```
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El Torito catalog : 19 1
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El Torito images : N Pltf B Emul Ld_seg Hdpt Ldsiz LBA
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El Torito boot img : 1 BIOS y none 0x0000 0x00 4 20
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El Torito img blks : 1 4
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```
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|
||||
`debian-7.4.0-mips-netinst.iso`:
|
||||
```
|
||||
System area options: 0x00000004
|
||||
System area summary: MIPS-Big-Endian
|
||||
ISO image size/512 : 422364
|
||||
MIPS-BE volume dir : N Name Block Bytes
|
||||
MIPS-BE boot entry : 1 r4k-ip22 63436 10876928
|
||||
MIPS-BE boot path : 1 /install/r4k-ip22-boot.img
|
||||
```
|
||||
|
||||
Loading…
Reference in New Issue
Block a user