Began to describe TAO multi-session CD writing
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Content:
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- TAO Multi-Session CD Cookbook
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- Overwriteable DVD Cookbook
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-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
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TAO Multi-Session CD Cookbook
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-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
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Guided by reading mmc-r10a.pdf , O.8 "Write a Track"
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from http://www.t10.org/ftp/t10/drafts/mmc/
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backed by reading mmc5r03c.pdf from http://www.t10.org/ftp/t10/drafts/mmc5/
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by reading spc3r23.pdf from http://www.t10.org/ftp/t10/drafts/spc3/
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and by experiments with drives NEC ND-4570A, LG GSA-4082B, LITE-ON LTR48125S
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which used in part code from http://icculus.org/burn.
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For libburnia.pykix.org by Thomas Schmitt <scdbackup@gmx.net>
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-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
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Media type can be recognized by Current Profile from 46h GET CONFIGURATION.
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(mmc5r03c.pdf 6.6.2.1)
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CD-R 0009h
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CD-RW 000ah
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The following topics are covered:
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- About blank, appendable and finalized CD media
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- Writing a session to CD
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- Obtaining CD multi-session info for extending ISO-9660 filesystems
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- Obtaining a Table Of Content from CD >>> under construction
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-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
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About blank, appendable and finalized CD media :
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CD media have to be blank or appendable in order to be writeable in TAO mode.
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The according status may be inquired by 51h READ DISC INFORMATION requesting
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Data Type 000b Standard Disc Information, where reply value Disc Status
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indicates:
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00b blank
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01b appendable
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10b finalized
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11b others (unsuitable for this recipe)
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(mmc5r03c.pdf 6.22.3.1.4)
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CDs which are finalized or appendable may be blanked by command A1h BLANK with
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blanking types 000b "Blank the disc" or 001b "Minimally blank the disc".
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The Start Address/Track Number will be ignored so it may well be 0.
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Because the operation is long running it is advised to set the Immed bit and to
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watch the progress by commands 00h TEST UNIT READY and 03h REQUEST SENSE
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with DESC bit set to 0 for fixed format reply.
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It is done when 00h succeeds and 03h reports 0 in PROGRESS INDICATION
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(byte 1+2 in Table 22 = byte 16+17 SENSE KEY SPECIFIC in table 26).
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(mmc5r03c.pdf 6.2 BLANK)
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(spc3r23.pdf 4.5.2.4.4 table 22, 4.5.3 table 26,
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6.27 REQUEST SENSE, 6.33 TEST UNIT READY)
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-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
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Writing a session to CD :
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The writing method for blank or appendable media is the same. If the media is
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blank then the new track will be the first and only one in the table of
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content. If the media is appendable then a new session will be opened
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automatically and the new track will be the first and only one in this session.
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Speed may be set by BBh SET CD SPEED parameter Drive Write Speed. Note that
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kbytes/sec means 1000 bytes/sec and not 1024/sec. Rotational control should
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be set to 00b. 1x CD speed is 176.4 kbytes/sec. Speed is usually set to the
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next lower possible value by the drive. So it is helpful to add a few
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kbytes/sec just in case the drive has rounding problems.
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(mmc5r03c.pdf 6.37)
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Before writing can occur, a Write Parameters mode page 05h has to be composed
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and transmitted via 55h MODE SELECT. Mode page 05h describes several burn
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parameters:
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BUFE Buffer Underrun protection 0=off, 1=on
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Test Write -dummy mode for writing 0=off, 1=on
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Write Type Packet/TAO/SAO/RAW 01h = TAO
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Multi-session Wether to keep appendable 00b = close, 11b = appendable
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Track Mode Describes frame type 4 for data , 0 for audio
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Data Block Type Layout of payload blocks 8 for 2048 byte data blocks
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0 for 2352 byte audio blocks
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Audio Pause Length 150 = 2 seconds
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Any other parameters may be set to 0.
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Mode page data as of MMC-5 table 644 are preceded by a Mode Parameter Header
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as of SPC-3 table 240. This 8-byte header may be filled with 0s ... obviously.
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(mmc5r03c.pdf 7.5.4 The Mode Page, 4.2.3.4 Table 17 CONTROL = Track Mode)
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(spc3r23.pdf 6.8 MODE SELECT, 7.4.3 Mode parameter header formats)
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Writing has to begin at the address returned by 52h READ TRACK INFORMATION
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with Address/Number Type set to 01b and Logical Block Address/Track/Session
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Number set to FFh. The Next Writeable Address as of table 500 is the number
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to start writing with.
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(mmc5r03c.pdf 6.27 )
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Writing is done by 2Ah WRITE with the Logical Block Address counted up from
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the initial number in sync with the number of blocks written. Only full blocks
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can be written.
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(mmc5r03c.pdf, 6.44)
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When writing is done, it is mandatory to force the drive's buffer to media by
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35h SYNCHRONIZE CACHE.
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(mmc5r03c.pdf, 6.41)
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The track has to be closed by 5Bh CLOSE TRACK SESSION Close Function 001b.
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Older MMC specifies a valid Logical Track Number FFh to depict the open track.
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MMC-5 is quite silent about this. FFh works for my drives.
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After that, a new track can be written beginning with sending the mode page 05h
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again (it is not tested wether this can be omitted).
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(mmc5r03c.pdf 6.3.3.1.2)
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After the last track of a session, 5Bh CLOSE TRACK SESSION Close Function 010b
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with Logical Track Number 0 closes the session. It depends on the Multi-Session
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value in mode page 05h wether the disc is finalized or stays appendable.
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(mmc5r03c.pdf 6.3.3.1.3)
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-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
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Obtaining CD multi-session info for extending ISO-9660 filesystems :
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Program mkisofs expects two numbers with its option -C which describe the
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situation on an appendable CD which already contains a ISO-9660 filesystem
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in the first track of the last session.
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The first number is the Logical Block Address of that track containing the
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existing ISO-9660 filesystem image. This number is needed for mkisofs option
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-M to connect to the existing image. The new image will refer to files in
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the previously existing image. mkisofs option -M needs read access to the
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CD or a blockwise copy of it on hard disk.
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Untested is Format 0001b which in table 478 promises quick access via
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Start Address of First Track in Last Session.
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(mmc5r03c.pdf 6.26.3.3.1)
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libburn gets the number from its Table Of Content model which is obtained
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by 43h READ TOC/PMA/ATIP, Format 0010b. See below.
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The second number is an exact prediction of the Logical Block Address of the
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new track which will contain the newly generated ISO-9660 image.
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Even without option -M this second number is still needed to make the inner
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block address pointers of the image match the Logical Block Addresses on CD.
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This number is the address returned by 52h READ TRACK INFORMATION with
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Address/Number Type set to 01b and Logical Block Address/Track/Session
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Number set to FFh. The Next Writeable Address as of table 500 is the number
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to use.
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(mmc5r03c.pdf 6.27 )
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-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
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>>> Obtaining a Table Of Content from CD :
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Table of content information is gained by 43h READ TOC/PMA/ATIP, Format 0010b.
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The number of sessions is given by Last Complete Session Number.
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The number of TOC Track descriptors is: (TOC Data Length - 2)/11 .
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>>> sift out the track entries
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>>> track starts, leadout starts
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(mmc5r03c.pdf 6.26.2.5 table 478, 6.26.3.4 )
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-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
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Overwriteable DVD Cookbook
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-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
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